回流法与湿法超微粉碎法提取中药延胡索的有效成分分析  

Analysis of active ingredient extracted from rhizoma corydalis by reflux method and wet ultramicro-pulverization

作　　者：苏娟娟[1] 尤文质[1] 白晨龙 邱恒宜 刘永宽[1] SU Juanjuan;YOU Wenzhi;BAI Chenlong;QIU Hengyi;LIU Yongkuan(Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xiamen 361009,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门市中医院,福建厦门361009

出　　处：《华夏医学》2021年第5期5-8,共4页Acta Medicinae Sinica

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同方法提取中药延胡索的有效成分。方法:选择同产地、同厂家、同批次的延胡索,分别使用回流法、湿法超微粉碎法提取药材中的有效成分。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析两种方法提取物的成分差异,观察不同时间内回流法、湿法超微粉碎法提取延胡索乙素的溶出量;利用激光光散射与扫描电镜观察湿法超微粉碎法不同粉碎时间延胡索变化的情况。结果:两种提取方法提取延胡索乙素时具有一致的出峰时间与峰形,提示所提取的物质相同;延胡索乙素提取时,湿法超微粉碎法5 min的提取率与回流法1 h相当,2 h提取率与4 h相当;随着粉碎时间延长,粒径会不断变小,但提取率不会随着时间延长而不断增加,粒径在粉碎20 min时提取率最高;随着粉碎时间延长,延胡索细胞破碎越彻底,5 min时细胞处于较为完整状态,10 min细胞不完全破壁,20 min细胞基本破壁,30 min破碎彻底。结论:回流法、湿法超微粉碎法均能完成延胡索中有效成分延胡索乙素的提取,但后者能够同步完成超微粉碎与提取,所需时间更短、提取效率更高。Objective:To discuss the effective ingredient of rhizome corydalis extracted by different methods.Methods:Rhizome corydalis of the same origin,manufacturers and the same batch were selected,whose effective components were extracted by reflux method and wet ultramicro-pulverization.The different compositions of the two extracts were compared by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),the dissolution amount of tetrahydropalmatine extracted by reflux method and wet ultramicro pulverization in different time was observed.In addition,laser light scattering and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the variation of rhizome corydalis with different grinding time in wet ultramicro pulverization.Results:The two extraction methods had the same peak time and peak shape,which indicated that the extracted substances were the same;for the extraction of tetrahydropalmatine,the 5 min extraction rate by wet ultramicro-pulverization method was equivalent to that by reflux method for1 h,and the 2 h extraction rate was equivalent to that of 4 h.With the prolongation of grinding time,the particle size would decrease,but the extraction rate would not increase with the prolongation of time,and the maximum extraction rate of particle size was reached when ground at the time of 20 min.With the prolongation of comminution time,the more completely the cells of rhizome corydalis break down.When ground at 5 min,the cells were in a relatively complete state,the cell walls were not broken completely in 10 min,the cell walls were basically broken in 20 min,and the cells were crushed completely in 30 min.Conclusion:Both reflux and wet ultramicro-pulverization methods can complete the extraction of the effective component of tetrahydropalmatine,but the latter can complete the ultramicro-pulverization and extraction simultaneously,which requires shorter time and gain higher extraction efficiency.

关 键 词：延胡索 湿法超微粉碎法 回流法 延胡索乙素 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]