光气急性染毒对大鼠肾脏的影响  

Effects of acute phosgene exposure on kidney in rats

作　　者：赵赞梅[1] 郑亦沐 李树强[1] Zhao Zanmei;Zheng Yimu;Li Shuqiang(Department of Occupational Disease,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院职业病科,100191

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2021年第10期733-737,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81402641);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81872572)。

摘　　要：目的探讨光气急性染毒对大鼠肾脏功能的影响及其机制。方法于2019年5月,将36只健康成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和光气组(包括光气染毒后1、3、6、12和24 h各组),对照组和各时点各6只大鼠。动物置于染毒箱内,对照组动物吸入空气5 min,光气组大鼠吸入浓度为8.33 mg/L的光气5 min;在染毒后1、3、6、12、24 h,将大鼠腹腔麻醉处死后,采集血液样本和肾脏组织,进行血气分析、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)检查,以及组织病理学检测,并采用免疫组织化学染色法观察大鼠肾脏组织中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷和髓过氧化物酶的表达情况。结果光气组大鼠动脉血氧分压和氧合指数在染毒后3、6和12 h时明显低于对照组(P<0.01),在6 h时达到最低点,分别为(58.67±7.89)mmHg和(202.30±27.20)mmHg。光气组大鼠Cr和BUN在3、6、12和24 h时明显高于对照组,肾脏脏器系数在3、6和12 h时明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。HE染色显示,光气组大鼠肾小球内红细胞增多,肾小管上皮细胞体积增大,胞浆疏松淡染,6 h时损伤最明显。免疫组织化学染色结果显示,光气组大鼠肾组织内8-羟基脱氧鸟苷和髓过氧化物酶阳性表达增多。结论光气染毒导致的低氧血症和氧化应激反应可能是导致大鼠肾功能损伤的原因。Objective To investigate the changes in kidney and its mechanism during the development of acute phosgene exposure in rats.Methods Rats were randomized into 2 groups:control and phosgene group(including 1,3,6,12 and 24 h after exposed to phosgene),6 rats in each group.Rats in control group were exposed to air for 5 min,while rats in phosgene group were exposed to 8.33 mg/L phosgene for 5 min.The blood samples were collected at 1,3,6,12 and 24 h after phosgene exposure.The blood creatinine(Cr),urea nitrogen(BUN)and blood gas analysis were detected.HE staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed to observe the expression levels of 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine and myeloperoxidase.Results The arterial partial pressure of oxygen and oxygenation index of rats in the phosgene group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 3,6 and 12 h after exposure(P<0.01).The lowest points were reached at 6 h,which were(58.67±7.89)mmHg and(202.30±27.20)mmHg,respectively.The Cr and BUN of rats in the phosgene group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 3,6,12,and 24 h,and the renal organ coefficients were significantly higher than those in the control group at 3,6 and 12 h(P<0.01).HE staining showed that there were more erythrocytes in the glomeruli of rats in the phosgene group,the volume of renal tubular epithelial cells increased,and the cytoplasm was loose and lightly stained.The damage was most obvious at 6 h.The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive expressions of 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine and myeloperoxidase in the kidney tissue of the phosgene group increased.Conclusion Hypoxemia and oxidative stress caused by phosgene poisoning may be the cause of renal damage in rats.

关 键 词：光气 肾脏 大鼠 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]