2019年全国医疗机构放射工作人员职业健康状况分析  

Analysis on the status of occupational health of medical radiation workers in China in 2019

作　　者：李小亮[1] 孙全富[1] 刘建香[1] 郝述霞[1] 邓君[1] Li Xiaoliang;Sun Quanfu;Liu Jianxiang;Hao Shuxia;Deng Jun(Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所辐射防护与核应急中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2021年第10期770-775,共6页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的掌握全国医疗机构放射工作人员职业健康监测情况,发现职业性放射性疾病防治的薄弱环节。方法于2020年1月,根据"全国放射卫生信息平台"(职业性放射性疾病与职业健康监测子系统和职业性放射性疾病报告子系统)监测数据,对2019年1月1日至12月31日全国职业健康监测数据,包括医疗机构放射工作人员数量、职业健康检查情况、个人剂量监测和职业性放射性疾病诊断情况进行描述性分析。结果全国医疗机构放射工作人员共394 436人,各省放射工作人员数量差异较大,中位数为10 206人,与各省常住人口数呈正相关(r=0.947)。全国共有个人剂量监测机构376家,医疗机构放射工作人员个人剂量监测率为96.61%(381 045/394 436)。全国共有放射工作人员职业健康检查机构419家,有269家(64.20%)使用软件打印体检表,共对334 455名医疗机构放射工作人员开展职业健康检查,医疗机构放射工作人员职业健康检查率为84.79%(334 455/394 436)。医疗机构放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变异常率为0.33%(776/233 571),后极后囊下浑浊检出率为0.63% (2 093/334 455),甲状腺彩超异常率为28.49%(14 946/52 464)。2019年共上报职业性放射性疾病16例。结论全国医疗机构放射工作人员个人剂量监测率和职业健康检查率较高,但淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析、眼晶状体检查和甲状腺彩照检查质量有待进一步提高。Objective To grasp the occupational health monitoring of radiation workers in medical institutions across the country,and to discover weak links in the prevention and treatment of occupational radiation diseases.Methods In 2020 January,according to the monitoring data of the"National Radiation Health Information Platform"(Occupational Radiation Disease and Occupational Health Monitoring Subsystem and Occupational Radiation Disease Reporting Subsystem),the national occupational health monitoring data from January 1 to December 31,2019,including the number of radiation workers in medical institutions,occupational health examinations,personal dose monitoring and occupational radiation disease diagnosis,were descriptive analyzed.Results There were a total of 394436 radiation workers in medical institutions across the country.The number of radiation workers in various provinces was quite different,with a median of 10206,which was positively correlated with the number of permanent residents in each province(r=0.947).There were 376 personal dose monitoring institutions nationwide,and the personal dose monitoring rate of radiation workers in medical institutions was 96.61%(381045/394436).There were 419 occupational health inspection institutions for radiation workers across the country,and 269(64.20%)used software to print physical examination forms.A total of 334455 radiation workers in medical institutions had been subjected to occupational health examinations.The rate of occupational health examinations for radiation workers in medical institutions was 84.79%(334455/394436).The abnormal rate of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of radiation workers in medical institutions was 0.33%(776/233571),the detection rate of posterior posterior subcapsular turbidity was 0.63%(2093/334455),and the abnormality rate of thyroid color ultrasound was 28.49%(14946/52464).In 2019,a total of 16 cases of occupational radiation diseases were reported.Conclusion The personal dose monitoring rate and occupational healt

关 键 词：放射 职业暴露 医疗机构 职业健康检查 个人剂量监测 职业性放射性疾病 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]