基因活性皮肤再生材料研究进展  

Gene-activated materials for skin regeneration:state of the arts

作　　者：李秀媛[1] 罗逸伦 马列[1] LI Xiu-yuan;LUO Yi-lun;MA Lie(MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization,Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系,高分子合成与功能构造教育部重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《分子科学学报》2021年第5期408-417,共10页Journal of Molecular Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51873184,51673167)。

摘　　要：由烧伤、创伤、机械损伤等导致的皮肤缺损和功能丧失是常见的临床难题之一.皮肤再生修复涉及一系列复杂生物信号调控,通过基因治疗技术与皮肤再生材料结合,赋予皮肤再生材料更高和可控的生物活性,是实现皮肤结构和功能重建的重要策略.围绕基因活性材料在皮肤再生修复中的应用,本文首先简要介绍了皮肤缺损及其再生修复背景,分析了皮肤再生材料的主要组成和结构,然后从基因活性物质的种类、负载和释放方式等角度综述了现有基因活性皮肤再生材料的研究进展.最后,综述了基因活性化皮肤再生材料在解决血管化、瘢痕以及附属器官再生等关键问题的重要进展.As one of the most serious problems in clinic,skin loss caused by burn and trauma has attracted much attention.Although various types of bioengineered skin for epidermal,dermal,and full-thickness defects have been developed,most of the existing skin repair products cannot realize reconstruction of skin structure and restoration of skin functions.As the regeneration of skin is regulated by a serial of biological signals,how to design a material with enhanced bioactivity became the critical issue.So far many approaches have been developed to en-hance bioactivity of the engineered skin constructs,among which incorporation of growth factors is considered as one of the most powerful strategies.However,delivery of the growth factors is sophisticated due to their sensitivity and instability.Gene-activated materials(GAM)which combine the advantages of gene therapy and biomaterials create a promising solution with great potential for the restoration of the structure and function of damaged skin.Aiming at the application of GAM for skin regeneration,the present review provides a brief introduction of skin loss and the traditional treatment methods,including autograft,allograft,and wound dressing for the skin injuries firstly.Then,the approach for fabricating GAM was particularly focused on.The effects of GAM composition,including synthetic biomaterials and natural biomaterials,on the outcomes of skin repair were discussed,and the methods to control the structure of GAM such as the freeze-drying,electrostatic spinning,were summarized.By combining the concept of gene therapy and tissue engineering,the gene-activated strategy was proposed to build a material with higher bioactivities for skin repair.From the aspects of the kinds of genes,GAMs loaded with different genes including plasmid DNA,RNA,and siRNA et al.were introduced to obtain diverse bioactivities,and the applications of these GAMs on skin repair and regeneration were introduced.To control the releasing behavior of gene from GAM,the ways for loading and conjugation

关 键 词：基因活性 组织再生材料 血管化 附属器官 皮肤修复 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]