2020年青海省发现风疹病毒2B-L2c基因亚型  

Sub-genotype 2B-L2c rubella virus was found in Qinghai province in 2020

作　　者：范丽霞[1] 李崇亥 王晓彤 李倩兰 汪春翔[1] 赵生仓 朱贞[2] Fan Lixia;Li Chonghai;Wang Xiaotong;Li Qianlan;Wang Chunxiang;Zhao Shengcang;Zhu Zhen(Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining 810007,China;NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁810007 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所国家卫生健康委员会医学病毒学和病毒病重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2021年第5期536-542,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金："十三五"国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10713002,2018ZX10713001-003,2017ZX10104001,2017ZX10103006);青海省传染性疾病分子生物学重点实验室(2021-0402-ZJC-0021);深圳市"医疗卫生三名工程"项目(SZSM202011008);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1200503)。

摘　　要：目的分析2020年青海省风疹流行特点和流行风疹病毒(rubella virus,RV)基因特征,为当地优化和完善风疹防控策略提供科学依据。方法汇总国家法定传染病报告系统中的青海省2020年风疹发病数据,分析其流行病学特征;依托青海省麻疹/风疹实验室网络,采集并鉴定2020年疑似风疹暴发和散发病例咽拭子标本,阳性标本盲传3代后获得RV分离株,提取病毒核酸后扩增并测定E1基因的739个核苷酸片段,用于鉴定2020年青海RV株基因型和亚型,并分析其与我国流行RV的分子差异。结果2020年青海省风疹发病呈现明显回升态势,发病年龄已后移至10~19岁年龄组青少年(占比94.9%);2020年从青海省4个风疹高发市州共分离到29株RV病毒株,经鉴定所有RV株均属于2B-L2c基因亚型,也是目前我国RV流行的优势基因亚型。此外,病毒学监测数据显示,2020年青海省存在着不同的2B-L2c基因亚型RV传播链,且一起暴发疫情可能由不同的传播链病毒引起。结论2020年青海省流行RV为2B-L2c基因亚型,该病毒的流行导致了青海省2020年风疹疫情的回升以及部分市州的暴发流行。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella and the genetic characteristics of rubella virus(RV)circulated in Qinghai province in 2020,so as to provide scientific basis for optimization and improvement of local rubella prevention and control strategy.Methods The rubella epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by summarizing the data on the rubella incidence in Qinghai province in 2020 from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System.Through Qinghai provincial measles and rubella laboratory network,throat swab samples from susceptible rubella outbreak and sporadic cases in 2020 were collected and identified.RV strains were obtained after three passages of virus isolation from positive samples.After extracting the viral RNA,the 739 nucleotide fragments within the E1 gene were amplified and determined to identify the genotype and sub-genotype of the Qinghai strains in 2020 and further analyzed the molecular differences between Qinghai strains and the RV strains circulated in China.Results In 2020,the rubella incidence in Qinghai province had shown an obvious upward trend,and the age of onset had shifted to adolescents in the 10-19 years of age group(accounting for 94.9%).Totally 29 RV strains were isolated from four high incidence areas of rubella in Qinghai province.All RV strains were identified as sub-genotype 2B-L2c,which is also the dominant subtype of RV circulated in China.In addition,virological surveillance data showed that there were different transmission chains of sub-genotype 2B-L2c in Qinghai province in 2020,and an outbreak might be caused by different transmission chain viruses.Conclusions The accumulation of rubella susceptible population aged 10-19 years and the transmission of new imported 2B-L2c virus had led to the rubella reemergence and outbreaks in several cities in Qinghai province in 2020.

关 键 词：风疹 风疹病毒 2B-L2c基因亚型 

分 类 号：R373.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]