建立100 kA冲击电流标准测量系统  

Establishment of 100 kA Impulse Current Standard Measurement System

作　　者：龙兆芝 刘少波 李文婷 范佳威 雷民 王晖南 LONG Zhaozhi;LIU Shaobo;LI Wenting;FAN Jiawei;LEI Min;WANG Huinan(China Electric Power Research Institute,Wuhan 430074,China;Metrology Center of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Company,Taiyuan 030032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,武汉430074 [2]国网山西省电力公司计量中心,太原030032

出　　处：《高压电器》2021年第11期171-179,共9页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(冲击电流溯源及测量技术研究)。

摘　　要：冲击电流为暂态电流波形,持续时间短且波形不可重复,测量误差影响因素众多难以评估。文中研究冲击电流测量装置的溯源方法以及不确定度评定模型,研制标准设备并尽可能减小测量不确定度以实现100 kA标准测量系统的建立。标准系统包括电流转换装置(冲击分流器)和测量仪器,分别进行峰值电流和时间参数的测量不确定度评定。分流器的动态特性引入的不确定度分量由阶跃响应结果进行评价。研究分流器线性度不同评价方法,表明与刚性罗氏线圈的比对试验结果与温升计算评价方法得到的结果一致。测量仪器刻度因数和时间参数由研制的电压标准波源进行校准。最终对整套系统进行性能评估,实现冲击电流刻度因数和时间参数量值溯源,其刻度因数测量不确定度4.1×1O^(-3)(k=2),时间参数测量不确定度8×1O^(-3)(k=2)。评价结果表明,建立的100 kA冲击电流标准测量装置的准确度达到先进水平。The impulse current is of transient current waveform and difficult to be assessed due to its short duration,no repetition of waveform and multiple measurement error influence factors.In this paper,the traceability method and uncertainty assessment model of the impulse current measurement device is studied.The standard equipment is developed and measurement uncertainty is reduced as much as possible so to achieve the establishment of 100 kA standard measurement system.The standard system includes current converting device(impulse shunt)and measuring instrument for measurement uncertainty assessment of peak current and time parameters respectively.The uncertainty component,introduced by the dynamic characteristic of the shunt,is evaluated by the step response results.The different evaluation methods of linearity of the shunt are studied,showing that the result is in agreement with the comparison test results of rigid Rogowski coil and those obtained by the temperature rise calculation and evaluation method.The calibration factor and time parameters of the measurement instrument are calibrated by the developed voltage standard wave source.Finally,the performance of the whole system is assessed so to achieve the traceability of impulse current scale factor and time parameter.The measurement uncertainty of the scale factor is 4.1×10^(-3)(k=2)and of time parameter is 8×10^(-3)(k=2).The assessment result shows that the measurement accuracy of the established 100 kA impulse current standard measurement device has reached the advanced level.

关 键 词：冲击电流 溯源 动态特性 标准波源 不确定度 

分 类 号：TM933.11[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]