典型高超声速目标辐射特性研究  

Research on Radiation Characteristics of Typical Hypersonic Targets

作　　者：戚均恺[1] 董士奎[2] Qi Junkai;Dong Shikui(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [2]哈尔滨工业大学,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《战术导弹技术》2021年第5期17-28,共12页Tactical Missile Technology

基　　金：总装共性(51321050502)。

摘　　要：高超声速目标飞行时,其本体、绕流场(尾焰)和尾迹均会产生辐射,高超声速目标的目标辐射特性研究对天基探测的顶层设计来说至关重要。针对上述问题,采用数字仿真手段对典型高超声速目标(HTV-2和X-51A)在不同工况下的运动特性进行分析,在此基础上对目标在覆盖0.2~14μm谱段的本体、绕流场(尾焰)和尾迹的红外和紫外辐射特性进行深入研究。结果表明,HTV-2此类高超声速目标的本体辐射在2.7μm和4.3μm两个吸收带上具有可探测性;但是其绕流场和尾迹的紫外红外辐射,远小于有日照时的背景辐射,不具备可探测性。X-51A的本体辐射亮度约为2000~3000 W/(sr·μm),喷焰紫外辐射具有10^(4)~10^(5)W/(sr·μm)的光谱辐射亮度水平,喷焰红外辐射具有10^(5)W/(sr·μm)的光谱辐射亮度水平,可探测性强。还针对基于X-51A紫外辐射特性的天基高超声速目标探测载荷技术进行了初步研究。研究表明,在日盲紫外谱段(306~318 nm),X-51A在太阳高度角90°的极端日照环境条件下(大气背景辐射最强),仍能满足信杂比大于1。这表明对于X-51A此类高超声速目标,完全可以采用天基手段进行发现预警。In the flight of hypersonic target,its target body,the flow field(the tail flame) and the trail will all produce radiations.Research on radiation characteristics of hypersonic target is essential for the top-level design of space-based detection of hypersonic target.In the view of the above problems,the motion characteristics of several typical hypersonic targets(HTV-2,X-51 A) under different working conditions are studied by means of digital simulation.On this basis,the infrared ultraviolet radiation characteristics of the target body,the flow field(the tail flame)and the trail covering the 0.2~14 μm spectrum band are studied.The results shows that the body radiation of hypersonic target such as HTV-2 is detectable in the two absorption bands of 2.7 μm and 4.3 μm;however,the ultraviolet and infrared radiation of the flow field and the trail is much smaller than the background radiation when there is sunshine,which is not detectable.The body radiation of X-51 A is about 2000 ~ 3000 W/(sr·μm),the ultraviolet radiation of the flame of X-51 A reaches the level of 10^(4)~ 10^(5) W/(sr·μm),and the infrared radiation of the flame of X-51 A reaches the level of 10^(5) W/(sr· μm),which has a strong detectability.The load technology of space-based hypersonic target detection based on the characteristics of X-51 A ultraviolet radiation is also studied.The results show that the signal-to-noise ratio of X-51 A in the solar blind ultraviolet band(306~318 nm) can still be higher than one under extreme sunlight conditions of 90 ° solar altitude(the strongest atmospheric background radiation).This shows that for such supersonic targets like X-51 A,space-based methods can be also used for discovery and early warning.

关 键 词：高超声速目标 HTV-2 X-51A 辐射特性 运动特性 光谱辐射 尾迹 

分 类 号：V23[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]