餐厨废弃油脂制生物柴油应用于工业锅炉的燃烧排放特性  

Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Waste Cooking Oil-derived Biodiesel Used in Industrial Boilers

作　　者：张睿智[1] 罗永浩[1] 汪林正 邓睿渠 ZHANG Ruizhi;LUO Yonghao;WANG Linzheng;DENG Ruiqu(Shanghai JiaoTong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200240

出　　处：《工业锅炉》2021年第5期1-7,共7页Industrial Boilers

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(18DZ1203002)。

摘　　要：针对餐厨废弃油脂制生物柴油应用于工业锅炉时潜在的二噁英污染物的排放风险,分别从生物柴油的元素组成与快速升温热解过程中氯代烃的生成、均相燃烧特性、燃尽情况三个阶段,全过程分析二噁英污染物的生成路径。实验结果表明:餐厨废弃油脂制生物柴油常含有有机氯组分,在喷入高温炉膛后的快速升温热解过程中Cl会以氯代脂肪烃和氯代芳香烃的形态进入气相,若后续的燃烧组织较差,有生成二噁英的潜在风险。考虑到生物柴油燃烧过程中氮氧化物主要为热力型,可以通过增大过量空气系数、增加反应时间以及减小雾化液滴粒径等方式促进柴油的燃尽,以抑制二噁英污染物的生成,同时避免产生过高的温度。Considering the potential risk in dioxin synthesis when waste cooking oil-derived biodiesel is applied in industrial boilers,the formation pathway of dioxins was full-process investigated in three levels,including ultimate analysis of the biodiesel,chlorinated hydrocarbons released in its fast pyrolysis,and its homogeneous combustion characteristics.Results indicated that:organic chlorineis contained in the waste cooking oil-derived biodiesel,and after entering high-temperature furnace,it would release into gas phase in the forms of chlorinated aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.If the subsequent combustion process is not well organized,dioxins could be generated.Considering that thermal NOx is believed to be the predominant contributor to total NOx,it is recommended to promote the burnout of biodiesel by increasing the excess air ratio and retention time,and reducing the diameter of atomized droplets.In these ways,dioxin synthesis could be inhibited,and meanwhile temperature could be controlled to prevent thermal NO_(x).

关 键 词：生物柴油 工业锅炉 燃料特性 燃尽 二噁英 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]