输油管道清管工艺中硫化氢气提及放散安全性研究  

On the safety of the hydrogen sulfide gas in pigging process of the crude oil pipeline

作　　者：刘振翼[1] 万嵩 李明智[1] 何阳华 杨明 郑登锋 LIU Zhen-yi;WAN Song;LI Ming-zhi;HE Yang-hua;YANG Ming;ZHENG Deng-feng(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Petro China West Pipeline Company,Urumchi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点试验室,北京100081 [2]中国石油西部管道公司,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第5期1992-1998,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：清管是原油输送过程中需要定期进行的重要作业,而工艺参数对其作业过程的安全性影响尚无系统研究。为深入探究当清管器发生意外卡堵时工艺参数对原油中硫化气提过程的影响,采用缩比试验的方法,搭建了一套与实际原油输送管道尺寸为1:6的试验系统,以某含硫原油作为试验油样,研究注气流量及压力对原油中硫化氢的气提效果,并利用ANSYS Fluent软件对回油完毕后的气体放散过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明:总体趋势上,在一定温度和操作压力下,注气流量越大,放散气中硫化氢气体浓度越低;温度和注气流量一定时,操作压力越大,放散气中硫化氢气体浓度越低;在环境风速一定的情况下,当放散作业临近结束、气体进入亚声速流动状态后,高浓度硫化氢的扩散范围较大。The present paper is to study the effect of the sour crude oil on the processing safety in pigging operation of the typical crude oil pipeline,and brought about some corresponding suggestions on the processing improvement from the perspective of the safety production.And,for the said purpose,we would like first of all to choose a certain-sort of sulfur-containing crude oil as the research object.And,then,we would like to make the4 kinds of analysis as analysis strategy,known as the component analysis,the theological analysis and the gas chromatographic analysis so as to gain the physical parameters of the crude oil.And,the next,we have managed to analyze the proper use of the set of simulation experimental equipment concerned to simulate the pigging operation process of the pipeline,as well as the changing regularity of the hydrogen sulfide concentration rates in its changing process of the dispersed gas with the injection flow and the operating pressure under the condition in case the oil sample and pigging gas come into direct contact with each other when the pig oil sample gets to stuck with the gas extraction turning up in the typical pigging process.And,then,the diffusion and safety of the diffused gas can be analyzed with certain concentrated rates of hydrogen sulfide in the environment in the diffused operation via the numerical simulation under the specified typical conditions.And,so,the conclusion of our study can be said that the oil sample enjoys safety risk parameters in physical property.However,on the whole,the greater the injection flow rate is,the lower the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the emitted gas would be.Nevertheless,in terms of the process,the injection flow rate has to be greater than 224 L/min(under the test pipe diameter),which should be chosen as far as it is possible.Thus,on the whole,the higher the operating pressure is,the lower the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the diffused gas would be.What is more,in terms of the process,the operating pressure has to be greater than

关 键 词：安全工程 原油 清管作业 工艺安全 模拟试验 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]