有机物料添加对植物修复铬污染土壤的影响  

Effects of organic amendments on phytoremediation for soil chromium pollution

作　　者：向云[1,2] 文永莉 程曼 XIANG Yun;WEN Yong-li;CHENG Man(College of Resources and Environment/Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resource of Shanxi Province,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030012,China;Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院/土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,太原030012 [2]山西大学黄土高原研究所,太原030006

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第5期2194-2201,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室开放基金项目(2016002);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0160);山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研项目(SXYBKY2019028)。

摘　　要：为探讨有机物料添加对植物修复铬污染耕地土壤的强化效果,在联栋温室中进行室内培养试验和盆栽试验,利用Tessier连续提取法对添加牛粪、羊粪和玉米秸秆后的土壤中铬形态分布进行分析。通过S-N-K法、Pearson相关分析等研究添加有机物料后,紫羊茅和羽衣甘蓝对修复土壤的铬富集系数及铬去除率的影响,并探讨其与铬形态间的相互关系。结果表明,添加牛粪或羊粪的土壤中交换态铬分别比空白处理增加1.30%和0.98%。添加牛粪可显著提高紫羊茅和羽衣甘蓝的根干重和茎叶干重,添加羊粪或玉米秸秆仅可显著提高富集植物的茎叶干重,对根干重无显著影响。添加羊粪或牛粪处理的紫羊茅和羽衣甘蓝,修复土壤的铬富集系数均显著高于空白处理。添加玉米秸秆紫羊茅修复土壤的铬富集系数显著高于空白处理,羽衣甘蓝修复土壤的铬富集系数与空白处理无显著差异。3种有机物料的添加均能增强羽衣甘蓝和紫羊茅对铬污染土壤的修复效果,其中添加牛粪诱导强化羽衣甘蓝修复铬污染土壤的效果最佳,对土壤中铬的去除率达到19.62%。紫羊茅和羽衣甘蓝修复土壤的铬富集系数及铬去除率均与土壤交换态铬显著正相关,与碳酸盐结合态铬比例呈极显著负相关。有机物料,尤其是养殖废弃物的添加,能有效提高土壤中可交换态铬比例,进而提高植物修复铬污染土壤的效率。To explore the effects of organic materials on phytoremediation for chromium(Cr)contaminated arable soil,indoor culture experiments and pot experiments were conducted in a gutter-connected greenhouse.The distribution of Cr fractions in arable soil with the addition of cow manures(CM),sheep manures(SM)and corn straws(S)were evaluated by Tessier sequential extraction procedure.Using Brassica oleracea var.acephala DC(Br.DC)and Festuca rubra L.(Fe.L)as phytoremediation materials,we screened the best combination of organic amendments and plant types for Cr remediation in soils.The effects of organic materials application on the Cr enrichment coefficients of Cr removal rates of Fe.L.and Br.DC were studied,and the relationship of Cr fractions and Cr remediation efficiency were deeply discussed.The results show that the application of organic materials can enhance the bio-availability of Cr in soils.Compared with Control,the exchangeable Cr increases by 1.30%and0.98%in CM and SM treatments,respectively.The addition of CM enhances both the root dry weight and the stem leaf dry weight of Fe.L and Br.DC,while the SM and S only enhance the stem leaf dry weight and have no significant effect on the root dry weight.The Cr enrichment coefficients of Fe.L.with the addition of CM,SM,and S are much higher than the Control.The Cr enrichment coefficients of Br.DC..with the addition of CM and SM are significantly higher than the Control,while no significant difference exists in Cr enrichment coefficient between the S treatment and Control.All of the three types of organic amendments can improve the remediation of Cr in soil.Among them,the combination of Br.DC and the addition of CM is the most effective method,with a Cr removal rate of 19.62%.Both the Cr enrichment coefficients of Fe.L.and Br.DC and Cr removal rates in the corresponding soils have a significantly positive correlation with soil exchangeable Cr,whereas having an extremely significantly negative correlation with carbonate bound Cr.We can conclude that the application of

关 键 词：环境工程学 铬污染 耕地土壤 植物修复 有机物料 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]