鹅膏菌属蘑菇中毒的临床特征分析  

Clinical characteristics of amanita mushroom poisoning

作　　者：李淑彤 刘娅荣 冯洋 梁明宇 刘艳娟 邹联洪 刘晶[3] 樊麦英[2] Li Shutong;Liu Yarong;Feng Yang;Liang Mingyu;Liu Yanjuan;Zou Lianhong;Liu Jing;Fan Maiying(Medical College of Hunan Normal University;Department of Emergency Medicine,Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University;Department of Reproductive Health,Changsha Hospital for Maternal&Child Health Care,Changsha,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学医学院 [2]湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院)急诊科 [3]长沙市妇幼保健院生殖健康科

出　　处：《实用休克杂志（中英文）》2021年第2期98-100,104,共4页Journal of Practical Shock

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金科卫联合项目(项目编号:2018JJ6083);长沙市科技局科技计划(项目编号:K91901056)。

摘　　要：目的分析鹅膏菌属蘑菇中毒的临床特征,为临床快速诊断提供有效依据。方法分析湖南省某医院急诊科2013年至2020年收治的68例鹅膏菌属蘑菇中毒患者的临床资料。结果鹅膏菌蘑菇中毒的潜伏期(从食用毒蘑菇到出现中度症状的时间)主要集中在6到12h,病程为3d,住院时长集中在7d,患者最初表现为恶心呕吐、腹痛腹泻等胃肠道症状。随着病情的发展,患者多个器官或系统受到损害(以肝、肾损害为主),严重者导致死亡。鹅膏菌中以裂皮鹅膏菌最常见,临床分型以肝、肾损伤型居多。此外,与正常人相比,鹅膏菌蘑菇中毒患者ALT、AST、N等生化指标变化明显。结论鹅膏菌蘑菇中毒是湖南省蘑菇中毒事件的重点监测事件,熟悉鹅膏菌的临床特征表现对降低鹅膏菌蘑菇中毒患者死亡率,改善患者预后非常重要。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of Amanita mushroom poisoning,thus providing effective basis for rapid clinical diagnosis.Methods The clinical data from 68 patients with Amanita mushroom poisoning admitted to the emergency department of a hospital in Hunan province during 2013-2020 were analyzed.Results The incubation period of mushroom intoxication(The time from eating the poisonous mushrooms to the onset of moderate symptoms)mainly focused on 6 to 12 hours,the course of disease was 3 days,and the length of hospitalization was 7 days.The patients initially presented with gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain and diarrhea.With the progression of the disease,multiple organs or systems are damaged(mainly liver and kidney damage),leading to death in severe cases.Among the Amanita mushroom,Amanita rimosa was the most common,and liver and kidney injury type were the most common.In addition,ALT,AST,N and other biochemical indexes of the patients with mushroom poisoning were significantly changed compared with the normal people.Conclusions Amanita mushroom poisoning is the key monitoring event of mushroom poisoning in Hunan province.It is very important to know the clinical characteristics of Amanita mushroom poisoning to reduce the mortality rate and improve the prognosis of patients.

关 键 词：鹅膏菌 蘑菇中毒 临床特征 

分 类 号：R595.7[医药卫生—内科学]