知鱼、识鱼、管鱼:从个性研究开始  

Fish personality: Implications for ecology, aquaculture and fisheries

作　　者：张东[1] 王莉平 ZHANG Dong;WANG Liping(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第10期1346-1358,共13页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费创新团队项目(2020TD53);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费重点项目(2017HYZD0401);中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所基本科研业务费探索项目(2847-2021)。

摘　　要：个性是指个体随着时间的推移,在不同情境下所表现出的持续一致的行为差异,普遍存在于动物界中。在种或种群水平,个性表现为行为集,即相关联行为的集合,在行为集内,每个个体有其行为类型。个性包含5个个性轴:(1)害羞-大胆性;(2)探索-回避性;(3)活动性;(4)攻击性;(5)社交性。个性影响着鱼类的行为表现,从而影响鱼类的生命过程和产出,对鱼类自身福利,水产增、养殖,渔业管理等都具有十分重要的意义。本文简要介绍了鱼类个性的研究进展和鱼类个性的在水产增养殖、捕捞、渔业资源管理及保护以及物种入侵防治等方面的应用,并对存在的问题进行了分析以及展望了今后的研究方向,旨在为鱼类个性的研究及应用提供参考。Personality refers to consistent individual differences in behavior over time and across contexts. At the population or species level, there exists a behavioral syndrome, wherein individuals display a certain behavioral type. Currently, behavioral syndromes in fishes are reviewed with respect to five main axes of animal personality:(1) shyness–boldness,(2) exploration–avoidance,(3) activity,(4) aggressiveness, and(5) sociability. Personality affects the behavioral performance and fitness of fish and has notable consequences with respect to the welfare of fish, stock enhancement, fishery management, and conservation. This review summarizes the current progress in fish personality research and provides an overview of its application in stock enhancement, information transmission, disease prevention and control, fishery resource management and protection, and biological invasion prevention and control. This review aims to provide fundamental information for future research and the applications of fish personality.

关 键 词：鱼类个性 水产养殖 增殖放流 渔业资源管理 渔业资源保护 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]