增强供应链韧性:日本政策的出台与走向  

Enhancing the Resilience of the Supply Chain:The Introduction and Direction of Japanese Policy

作　　者：刘湘丽[1] LIU Xiangli(Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100836,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100836

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2021年第6期1-14,共14页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“驱动产业链供应链现代化水平提升的关键因素研究”(21ZDA023)。

摘　　要：近年地缘政治冲突、新冠疫情暴发、半导体等战略物资短缺的国际环境变化,凸显了全球供应链的脆弱性,使得日本萌生了强烈的经济安全意识,开始出台一系列政策,以增强供应链韧性,保障国家经济安全。从政策的方向性看,日本增强供应链韧性的做法分为减少经济损失和控制风险概率两个类型。前者包括增强国内生产能量、开拓多元生产基地、防止核心技术流失,后者涉及建立供应链的国际互补机制。从政策手法上看,日本政府在介入企业的市场经营活动,对此日本国内出现了一些批评意见。日本供应链政策可能会对中国产生影响,但这并不意味着从中国撤退,而是以"China+1"即在中国之外补加供应基地的形式展开。In recent years,geopolitical conflicts,the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic,the shortage of semiconductors and other strategic materials in the international environment have highlighted the fragility of the global supply chain,which has given Japan a strong sense of economic security,so that Japan has begun to introduce a series of policies to enhance the resilience of the supply chain and ensure national economic security.From the perspective of policy direction,Japan’s approach to enhancing supply chain resilience can be divided into two types:reducing economic losses and controlling risk probability.The former includes enhancing domestic production capacity,developing diversified production bases,and preventing the loss of core technology,while the latter involves establishing an international complementary mechanism for supply chains.From the perspective of policy approach,Japanese practice is the government’s intervention in the market operations of enterprises.There have been some criticisms of the practice in Japan.Japan’s supply chain policy may have an impact on China,but this does not mean retreat from China,but in the form of"China+1"policy that means to add supply bases outside of China.

关 键 词：供应链 韧性 经济政策 国际环境 日本 

分 类 号：F133.130[经济管理—世界经济]