土地产权保护与村庄犯罪——来自中国农地确权改革的证据  

Land Property Rights Protection and Village Crime:Evidence from Land Titling in Rural China

作　　者：张广财 田传浩[3] 顾海英[1] ZHANG Guangcai;TIAN Chuanhao;GU Haiying(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200030;Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai,200020;Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310027)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院 [2]上海社会科学院应用经济研究所 [3]浙江大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2021年第5期183-200,共18页China Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(16ZDA019)资助。

摘　　要：土地确权和村庄稳定是乡村振兴和社会经济发展中两个重大议题,土地产权安全是维护村庄稳定、推动村庄发展的重要制度保障。本文使用2017年中国家庭调查数据,考察了土地产权保护对村庄稳定的影响,使用村庄民主作为工具变量解决内生性问题后发现,农地确权可以显著降低村庄犯罪的发生概率。计量检验表明:农地确权村比未确权村发生犯罪事件的概率下降27.1%,农地确权改革使得发生犯罪事件的村庄犯罪人数减少46.3%,整体的村庄犯罪率下降9.9%。机制分析发现:土地产权保护会通过减少农户间土地流转摩擦、降低征地冲突、改善农业生产增加农民收入、缓解村庄贫困等渠道,减少村庄犯罪。基于此,本文认为:应完善土地产权保护类型和提高土地产权保护质量,降低农民维权成本,为农村社会安定和谐发展提供根本的制度保障。Land titling and village stability are two major issues in rural revitalization and social-economic development.Land property security is an important institutional guarantee for maintaining village stability and promoting village development.This article uses the 2017 Chinese household survey data to investigate the impact of land property rights protection on village stability.After using village democracy as an instrumental variable to solve the endogenous problem,we find that the farmland titling can reduce the incidence of village crime significantly.Quantitative testing shows that the probability of crimes in villages with farmland titling is 27.1%lower than that in villages without farmland titling.Farmland titling has reduced the number of criminals in villages where crimes have occurred by 46.3%,and the overall village crime rate has dropped by 9.9%.Mechanism analysis finds that the protection of land property rights reduces village crimes through mechanisms such as reducing land transfer friction between farmers,reducing land acquisition conflicts,improving agricultural production,increasing farmers’income,and alleviating village poverty.Based on the results,the paper indicates that the types of land property rights protection should be improved and the quality of land property rights protection should also be improved,so as to reduce the cost of farmers’rights protection,and provide a fundamental system guarantee for the stable and harmonious development of rural society.

关 键 词：产权安全 农地确权 村庄稳定 农村贫困 村庄民主 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济] D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]