施加氮肥、硫肥对杞柳提取土壤中铅、镉的影响  

Effects of N and S Fertilizers on Extracting Pb and Cd by Salix integra Thunb.in Contaminated Soil

作　　者：王绍坤 牛小云[1] 邸东柳 孙湃 黄大庄[1] 闫海霞 Wang Shaokun;Niu Xiaoyun;Di Dongliu;Sun Pai;Huang Dazhuang;Yan Haixia(Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,P.R.China;Landscape Management Office,Landscaping Bureau,Yangqing District,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,保定071000 [2]北京市延庆区园林绿化局

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第10期104-109,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：河北省省属高等学校基本科研业务费项目(KY2021053);河北农业大学学科群支持项目(XK1008601519)。

摘　　要：以1年生杞柳扦插苗为材料进行盆栽试验,施加氮肥(0、100、200 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))与硫肥(0、100、200 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))进行正交试验。生长180 d后,分别测定不同施肥处理对杞柳生物量、重金属吸收量、土壤化学性质的影响。结果表明:同时施加氮肥、硫肥显著促进杞柳生长及对铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)的吸收,其中同时施加N(100 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))、S(200 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))处理的生物量、重金属吸收量最高。同时施加氮肥、硫肥显著增加Pb、Cd根部生物富集系数,但是显著降低Pb、Cd枝、叶转运系数。施加氮肥显著降低土壤pH值,同时施加氮肥、硫肥显著降低土壤有机质、速效钾质量分数,显著增加土壤速效磷、硝态氮、有效硫质量分数。主成分分析(PCA)显示,杞柳Pb、Cd吸收总量主要受生物量及根系Pb、Cd质量分数的影响,根系重金属质量分数又受土壤pH、阳离子交换量、铵态氮质量分数的影响。因此,合理施加氮肥、硫肥能促进杞柳生长,改变土壤化学性质,提高重金属生物利用度,提高杞柳对重金属的提取能力。A pot experiment was carried out in greenhouse with 1-a Salix cuttings under applied N fertilizers(0,100 and 200 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))with/without S fertilizer(0,100 and 200 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)).After 180-d growth,we investigated the effects of different fertilization treatments on the plant biomass,the total accumulation of Pb and Cd in plant and soil parameters.The total biomass and absorption of Pb and Cd of Salix were the highest when nitrogen(100 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))and S fertilizers(200 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))were simultaneous applied.Combined application of N and S fertilizer significantly increased the Bio-concentration Factor(BCF)of Pb and Cd in roots,but significantly reduced the translocation factor(TF)of Pb and Cd in stems and leaves.The application of N fertilizer significantly reduced the pH of the soil.The simultaneous application of N and S fertilizers significantly reduced the contents of soil organic matter and available K,while significantly increased the content of soil available P,nitrate nitrogen and available S.Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the total uptake of Pb and Cd by the Salix was mainly affected by the biomass and the concentration of heavy metals in roots.The concentration of heavy metals in roots of the Salix is mainly affected by the soil pH,CEC and ammonium nitrogen content.Consequently,reasonable application of N and S fertilizers can promote the growth of the Salix,change the chemical properties of the soil,increase the bioavailability of heavy metals,and promote the extraction of heavy metals by the Salix.

关 键 词：铅、镉污染 植物修复 施肥 土壤化学性质 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]