四川省广元市2011-2020年自然疫源和虫媒传染病流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of natural focus and vector-borne infectious diseases in Guangyuan,Sichuan,2011-2020

作　　者：罗兴 贾永朝[1] 刘艳春 尹钟亿 褚子财 赵琼瑶 严图 付瑜[1] LUO Xing;JIA Yong-chao;LIU Yan-chun;YIN Zhong-yi;CHU Zi-cai;ZHAO Qiong-yao;YAN Tu;FU Yu(Guangyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangyuan,Sichuan 628000,China)

机构地区：[1]广元市疾病预防控制中心,四川广元628000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2021年第11期1093-1097,共5页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2020年四川省广元市甲乙类传染病中自然疫源及虫媒传染病的流行病学特征,为下一步精准科学防控该类疾病提供建议。方法收集整理2011—2020年广元市甲乙类自然疫源及虫媒传染病的监测数据,运用描述性流行病学方法对其流行病学特征进行分析。结果2011—2020年广元市共报告甲乙类自然疫源及虫媒传染病7种209例,年均报告发病率为0.81/10万;报告死亡13例,病死率为6.22%,年均报告死亡率为0.05/10万。发病趋势总体平稳。报告发病数由高到低排序依次为疟疾、流行性乙型脑炎、布鲁菌病、流行性出血热、狂犬病、登革热、钩体病。每年7—8月为发病高峰,7个县(区)均有病例发生,各县区发病率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.30,P=0.07)。男性发病率明显高于女性(χ^(2)=48.23,P<0.01)。30~34岁年龄组发病率最高,为1.85/10万,职业以农民为主,占39.71%。结论广元市自然疫源及虫媒传染病发病趋势总体平稳。发病主要以输入性疟疾和本地乙脑病例为主,各地各部门应加强对外出务工、旅游人员的防病知识宣传,同时加强病例和虫媒监测,早发现早报告早处置。进一步做好疫苗接种工作,搞好爱国卫生运动,加大虫媒孳生场所清理,尤其是在夏秋季节要采取防虫措施,从而有效防控该类疾病的发生发展。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of class A and B natural focus and insect-borne infectious diseases in Guangyuan City from 2011 to 2020,and to provide suggestions for the next accurate scientific prevention and control of this kind of diseases.Methods The surveillance data of A and B natural foci and insect-borne infectious diseases in Guangyuan City from 2011 to 2020 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 209 cases of natural focus and insect-borne infectious diseases were reported in Guangyuan City from 2011 to 2020,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 0.81/100000;13 deaths were reported,with a mortality rate of 6.22%and an average annual reported mortality rate of 0.05/100000.The incidence trend was generally stable.The number of reported cases from high to low was followed by malaria,encephalitis B,brucellosis,hemorrhagic fever,rabies,dengue fever and leptospirosis.The incidence peak was usually between July and August each year.There were cases in all seven districts,but there was no statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=11.30,P=0.07).The incidence rate in male was significantly higher than that in female(χ^(2)=48.23,P<0.01).The aged 30-34 years old group had the highest incidence rate of 1.85/100000,and the occupation was dominated by the peasant group,accounting for 39.71%.Conclusions The trend of prevention and control of natural foci and insect-borne infectious diseases in Guangyuan City is stable.The main incidence of infectious diseases are imported malaria and local encephalitis B cases,local departments should strengthen the knowledge of migrant workers,tourists to prevent disease publicity,while strengthening case and insect-borne surveillance,early detection and early reporting and early disposal.We should further do a good job in vaccination,do a good job in patriotic health campaigns,and increase the cleaning of insect-borne breeding sites,especially in summer and autumn,so as to effectively prevent and con

关 键 词：自然疫源传染病 虫媒传染病 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R183.5[医药卫生—流行病学]