哥伦比亚大学“纸神专藏”中的娘娘纸马研究  

The Goddess-Paper Gods in Columbia University’s“Paper Gods Collection”

作　　者：李明洁[1] Li Ming-jie

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学民俗学研究所,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期127-134,180,共9页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“美国哥伦比亚大学‘纸神专藏’的整理与研究”(项目编号:21BZJ050)。

摘　　要：美国哥伦比亚大学东亚图书馆的“纸神专藏”,内有同一历史时段相对齐整的“娘娘纸马”一整套。以这套纸质祭祀仪式用品为纲,参照该时期相关文献,可以复原1930年代北京地区生育风俗的概貌。这些纸马作为民国初期民众生育仪式的标记物,为检视当年日常生活中依然繁盛的相关民间信仰活动提供了可依凭的证据链;凭借阐释分工明确、等级井然的娘娘纸马系统,生育知识、家族观念、邻里社区等等旧有的地方性知识被揭示出来,有力地证明了在特定历史时期中民间信仰与日常生活的互嵌和同构关系。纸马的价值,宜在作为与风俗紧密相关的文化传统之“辅助记忆物”的维度上,予以重视。The“Paper Gods Collection”in the East Asian Library of Columbia University in the United States,contains a relatively organized set of“Goddess-Paper Gods”.Using this set of sacrificial ceremonial paper prints as the graphic evidence and referring to the relevant literature in the period,the outline of the fertility customs in Beijing in the 1930s can be restored.As markers of people’s fertility rituals in the early period of the Republic of China,these Paper Gods provide us with a chain of evidence for reviewing the related popular religion and social activities,which were still prosperous in daily life of the year.Via the system of“Goddess-Paper Gods”with clear division of labor and orderly hierarchy,knowledge of child-bearing,concept of clans,neighborhood communities,and other former local knowledge were revealed,which strongly proved the embedded and isomorphic relationship between popular religions and daily life in a specific historical period.Paper Gods should be valued in the dimension of“memory auxiliary”as a cultural tradition closely related to customs.

关 键 词：哥伦比亚大学纸神专藏 富平安 娘娘纸马 民间信仰 生育风俗 

分 类 号：B933[哲学宗教—宗教学]