页岩气开采压裂液中非氧化型杀菌剂作用机理及潜在生态风险  

The mechanisms and potential ecological risks of non-oxidizing biocides in hydraulic fracturing of shale gas exploitation

作　　者：张雯宇 卢培利[1,2] 程勇[2] 丁阿强 周上博 张利兰[1,2] 包凯 毛媛媛 汪军 李成龙 ZHANG Wenyu;LU Peili;CHENG Yong;DING Aqiang;ZHOU Shangbo;ZHANG Lilan;BAO Kai;MAO Yuanyuan;WANG Jun;LI Chenglong(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044;College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045;SINOPEC Chongqing Shale Gas Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 408400;Chongqing Environmental Engineering Assessment Center,Chongqing 401121;Chongqing Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chongqing 401147)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045 [3]中石化重庆页岩气有限公司,重庆408400 [4]重庆市环境工程评估中心,重庆401121 [5]重庆市生态环境科学研究院,重庆401147

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2021年第11期1446-1451,1486,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1805503);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52070025);教育部创新团队项目(No.IRT-17R112);重庆市基础科研与前沿技术研究专项项目(No.cstc2017jcyjAX0362、No.cstc2018jcyjAX0802);重庆市技术创新与应用示范专项重点研发项目(No.cstc2018jszx-zdyfxmX0005)。

摘　　要：压裂液是页岩气规模化开发过程中的关键介质,其中含有一定杀菌剂用于抑制地层和管道设备中微生物生长,由此产生的潜在生态风险备受关注。压裂液中杀菌剂以非氧化型为主,以页岩气开采中常用季铵盐类化合物、戊二醛为非氧化型杀菌剂代表,综述其杀菌机理、典型环境特性与生态毒理效应,以期为页岩气开采中非氧化型杀菌剂的生态风险预防提供理论基础,服务页岩气绿色持续开发。Fracturing fluid is the key material for the large-scale shale gas exploitation.Fracturing fluid contains abundant biocides that used to inhibit the microorganisms in stratigraphy and pipeline equipment,so its potential ecological risks have attracted much attention.The biocides in fracturing fluid are mainly non-oxidizing.Quaternary ammonium compounds and glutaraldehyde,which widely used in shale gas exploitation,were selected as model biocides,the bactericidal mechanisms,typical environmental characteristics,toxicological effects and ecological risks of these two biocides were summarized,so as to provide a theoretical basis to prevent the ecological risk of non-oxidizing biocides in shale gas exploitation,and further promote the sustainable development of shale gas.

关 键 词：页岩气 杀菌剂 环境特性 生态毒理 风险防控 

分 类 号：TE377[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]