桑沟湾皱纹盘鲍与中间球海胆浅海筏式混养研究  

Studies on shallow sea raft mixed culture of Haliotis discus hannai and Strongylocentrotus intermedius in the Sanggou Bay

作　　者：王珊珊 WANG Shan-shan(Weihai Ocean Vocational College,Rongcheng,264300,China;Marine Economic Algae Resources Development and Utilization Engineering Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province,Rongcheng,264300,China;Weihai Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables High Value Processing Engineering Technology Research Center,Rongcheng,264300,China)

机构地区：[1]威海海洋职业学院,山东荣成264300 [2]山东省海洋经济藻类资源开发与利用工程技术协同创新中心,山东荣成264300 [3]威海市特色果蔬高值加工工程技术研究中心,山东荣成264300

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2021年第5期115-120,共6页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：威海市特色果蔬高值加工工程技术研究中心科研专项资金项目(GSGC2020-0001);山东省高等学校青创人才引育计划食品加工技术技能创新团队项目(2019-133);山东省船舶控制工程与智能系统工程技术研究中心科研开放专项资金项目(SSCC-2019-0005)。

摘　　要：为探索桑沟湾海域中间球海胆对皱纹盘鲍生长、存活及对污损生物附着的影响,开展了皱纹盘鲍与不同密度中间球海胆浅海筏式混养实验,设置皱纹盘鲍养殖密度为40个/层,中间球海胆养殖密度为0、2、4、6、8个/层,持续90 d。结果显示:中间球海胆不同混养密度显著影响皱纹盘鲍的生长和存活;中间球海胆混养密度为6个/层时,皱纹盘鲍的日壳长特定生长率、日体质量特定生长率、体质量壳长比、存活率分别为0.20%±0.03%、0.60%±0.02%、326.76 g/m±7.81 g/m、96.67%±0.42%,均显著优于其它实验组(P<0.05)。而4个/层时,中间球海胆的生长和存活最优,其日壳径特定生长率、日体质量特定生长率、存活率分别为0.28%±0.01%、0.73%±0.09%和98.61%±1.45%。污损生物主要为玻璃海鞘、紫贻贝、柄海鞘,可达总湿重的90%以上;污损生物附着量随中间球海胆混养密度增加而显著减少(P<0.05)。研究表明,中间球海胆与皱纹盘鲍混养可有效防除污损生物附着,促进皱纹盘鲍生长、存活,其最优混养密度为6个/层。为桑沟湾皱纹盘鲍大规模筏式养殖提供理论基础和生产指导。In order to explore the effects of Strongylocentrotus intermedius on the growth and survival of Haliotis discus hannai and the adhesion of contaminated organisms on the cages and shells of abalone,raft polyculture experiments were carried out for 90 days by setting the density of S.intermedius at 0,2,4,6 and 8 per layer and that of H.discus hannai at 40 in shallow sea of Sanggou Bay.The results showed that the mixed density of S.intermedius had significant effects on the growth and survival of H.discus hannai.The specific growth rate everyday of shell length,specific growth rate everyday of body mass,body weight/shell length and survival rate of abalone were 0.20%±0.03%、0.60%±0.02%、326.76 g/m±7.81 g/m and 96.67%±0.42%,respectively,when the mixed culture density of S.intermedius was 6 per layer,which were significantly better than those of the other experimental groups(P<0.05).However,S.intermedius had the best growth and survival rate with 4 per layer.And the specific growth rate everyday of shell length,specific growth rate everyday of body mass and survival rate of S.intermedius were 0.28%±0.01%、0.73%±0.09%and 98.61%±1.45%.The fouled organisms on the cages and shells of abalone were mainly Ciona intestinalis,Mytilus edulis and Styela clava which could reach more than 90%of the total wet weight.The total amount of fouling organisms was significantly decreased with the increase of the mixed density of S.intermedius(P<0.05).It can be concluded that the mixed culture of S.intermedius and H.discus hannai could prevent the attachment of contaminated organisms,and promote the growth and survival of H.discus hannai.The optimal density of mixed culture was 6 per layer.Our findings provided a theoretical basis and production guidance for large-scale raft culture of H.discus hannai in Sanggou Bay.

关 键 词：皱纹盘鲍 中间球海胆 混养 污损生物 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]