桂西北不同年龄阶段秃杉人工林的生物量积累及生产力变化  

Biomass accumulation and productivity changes of Taiwania flousiana plantation at different age stages in northwestern Guangxi,southern China

作　　者：张日施 黄振格 何斌[1] 谢敏洋 周刚 韦明宝 Zhang Rishi;Huang Zhenge;He Bin;Xie Minyang;Zhou Gang;Wei Mingbao(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China;Shankou Forest Farm of Nandan County,Nandan 547200,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西森林生态和保育重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [2]广西南丹县山口林场,广西南丹547200

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2021年第11期20-27,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB1729008);国家自然科学基金项目(31560206、31760201)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究秃杉人工林生长过程中生物量和生产力的积累过程及其变化规律,为秃杉人工林尤其是大径级用材林经营管理提供科学依据。【方法】以广西南丹县秃杉人工林为研究对象,采用样地调查与生物量实测方法,研究了不同年龄阶段(9、17、25、37年生)秃杉人工林生物量、生产力及其分配特征。【结果】(1)乔木层生物量随林龄增加而增大,9、17、25、37年生的秃杉人工林生物量分别为76.77、157.06、200.82、304.88 t/hm^(2),其中经济生物量(干材)分别为35.84、90.10、126.16、212.71 t/hm^(2),树枝生物量分别为16.35、28.68、30.60、30.01 t/hm^(2),树根生物量分别为11.26、21.22、24.16、39.92 t/hm^(2),树叶生物量分别为9.95、10.32、11.72、9.88 t/hm^(2),干皮生物量分别为3.38、6.74、8.17、12.36 t/hm^(2)。(2)林下植被生物量依次为1.54、3.38、5.15、5.80 t/hm^(2),其中灌木层生物量分别占59.09%、69.53%、73.26%、73.45%,草本层占40.91%、30.47%、26.74%、26.55%。凋落物层生物量依次为2.23、4.73、7.04、10.67 t/hm^(2),随林龄增加而显著增大。(3)各年龄阶段秃杉人工林乔木层净生产力依次为8.53、9.24、8.03、8.24 t/(hm^(2)·a),其中干材净生产力组成比例(46.66%~69.78%)随林龄增加而增大,树叶和树枝的组成比例(3.28%~4.46%和9.83%~21.34%)则呈现相反的变化趋势。【结论】(1)秃杉人工林乔木层生物量随林龄增加而逐渐积累,其中干材所占比例随林龄增加而增大,树叶、树枝和干皮生物量所占比例随林龄增加而下降,树根生物量所占比例波动较小。(2)与杉木和马尾松人工林相比,秃杉人工林具有速生期长和衰退晚的优点,生物生产力较高。研究结果为桂西北人工林可持续经营和发展提供了依据。[Objective]In order to study the accumulation process and its variation of biomass and productivity during the growth of Taiwania flousiana plantation,this paper provides a scientific basis for the management of T.flousiana plantation,especially the large-diameter timber plantations.[Method]Taking T.flousiana plantation in Nandan County,Guangxi of southern China as the research object,the biomass,productivity and distribution characteristics of T.flousiana plantation at different age stages(9,17,25 and 37-year-old)were studied through sample plot investigation and biomass measurement.[Result](1)The tree layer biomass of 9,17,25,and 37-year-old T.flousiana plantation was 76.77,157.06,200.82 and 304.88 t/ha,respectively,35.84,90.10,126.16 and 212.71 t/ha for the economic biomass(dry wood),16.35,28.68,30.60 and 30.01 t/ha for the branch biomass,11.26,21.22,24.16 and 39.92 t/ha for the root biomass,9.95,10.32,11.72 and 9.88 t/ha for the leaf biomass,3.38,6.74,8.17 and 12.36 t/ha for the dry skin biomass,respectively.(2)The biomass of undergrowth vegetation was 1.54,3.38,5.15 and 5.80 t/ha,respectively,of which the shrub layer accounted for 59.09%,69.53%,73.26%and 73.45%,the herb layer accounted for 40.91%,30.47%,26.74%,26.55%,respectively.The litter layer biomass was 2.23,4.73,7.04 and 10.67 t/ha,respectively,which increased significantly with the increase of stand age.(3)The net productivity of the tree layer of investigated plantations was 8.53,9.24,8.03 and 8.24 t/(ha·year),respectively.The proportion of net productivity of dry wood(46.66%−69.78%)increased with the stand age,while the proportion of leaf and branch(3.28%−4.46%and 9.83%−21.34%)showed the opposite trend.[Conclusion](1)The biomass of tree layer increased with stand age in T.flousiana plantation.The proportion of economic biomass(dry wood)increased with the stand age,but it decreased in leaves,branches and bark.The roots showed a small fluctuation with the stand age.(2)Compared with Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana plantations,the T.

关 键 词：秃杉人工林 年龄阶段 生物量 生产力 桂西北 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]