随机车轮不圆顺及车辆参数对轨道频域振动响应影响分析  

Influences of random wheel irregularity and vehicle parameters on the vibration of track in frequency domain

作　　者：李明航 马蒙[1] 谭新宇 张厚贵[2] 刘卫丰[1] LI Minghang;MA Meng;TAN Xinyu;ZHANG Hougui;LIU Weifeng(School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京市劳动保护科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第22期104-111,137,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51978043);北京市自然科学基金(3184047)。

摘　　要：列车引起轨道振动响应受车辆参数及车轮养护维修状态差异等因素影响,短时间内不同地铁列车通过某一固定测试断面引起的振动响应呈现显著的不确定性,且在频域内不同频段的离散特征差异明显。为研究车轮不圆顺及车辆参数随机性对轨道振动响应的影响,以不同运营里程地铁列车车轮不圆顺实测样本为基础,构建了随机车轮不圆顺谱;测量了某地铁隧道区间轨道动态不平顺、钢轨表面粗糙度及轨道垂向振动响应;基于车-轨耦合频域解析模型,采用随机模拟法计算了随机车辆参数及随机车轮不圆顺联合作用下的轨道频域振动响应。研究发现:采用实测车轮不圆顺耦合轨道不平顺作为激励,计算获得频域轨道振动响应与测试值吻合良好,8 Hz~200 Hz的平均绝对百分比误差为2.4%;随机车辆参数、随机车轮不圆顺耦合实测轨道不平顺作用下,8 Hz以下的振动响应未出现显著的离散;16 Hz以上的振动加速度级离散明显,并均呈现正偏态分布特征;63 Hz以上频段分频振动加速度级离散超过20 dB。Train-induced track vibrations are affected by various factors,such as the difference of vehicle parameters and wheel maintenance status.The vibration responses induced by different metro trains passing through a fixed measurement section exhibit significant uncertainty,and the dispersion characteristics in different frequency bands differ significantly.In order to analyse the influences of random wheel irregularities and random vehicle parameters on the track vibration in frequency domain,a power spectral density model of random wheel irregularities was constructed based on the measured wheel out-of-round samples of typical metro trains with different operation mileage.The dynamic track irregularities,rail roughness and vertical vibration acceleration of the track in a metro running tunnel were also tested in-situ.Based on a train-track coupled analytical model in frequency domain,the track dynamic responses under the combined action of random vehicle parameters and random wheels irregularities were calculated by stochastic simulation.The results indicate that,the calculated frequency-domain track vibration responses are in good agreement with the measured values,and the average absolute percentage error in the frequency band between 8 Hz and 200 Hz is only 2.4%.Under the combined action of random vehicle parameters and random wheels irregularities coupled with track irregularities,there is no significant dispersion of vibration responses below 8 Hz.The vibration acceleration levels above 16 Hz are obviously dispersed and show normal skew distribution characteristics.The dispersion of the vibration levels above 63 Hz is more than 20 dB.

关 键 词：功率谱 车轮不圆顺 车辆参数 车-轨耦合模型 轮轨耦合不平顺 随机模拟 

分 类 号：TB533.2[理学—物理] X839.1[理学—声学]