Genetic basis of negative heterosis for growth traits in chickens revealed by genome-wide gene expression pattern analysis  

作　　者：Chunning Mai Chaoliang Wen Zhiyuan Xu Guiyun Xu Sirui Chen Jiangxia Zheng Congjiao Sun Ning Yang 

机构地区：[1]National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China

出　　处：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》2021年第4期1267-1280,共14页畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31930105);China Agriculture Research Systems(CARS-40);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020 M680028).

摘　　要：Background:Heterosis is an important biological phenomenon that has been extensively utilized in agricultural breeding.However,negative heterosis is also pervasively observed in nature,which can cause unfavorable impacts on production performance.Compared with systematic studies of positive heterosis,the phenomenon of negative heterosis has been largely ignored in genetic studies and breeding programs,and the genetic mechanism of this phenomenon has not been thoroughly elucidated to date.Here,we used chickens,the most common agricultural animals worldwide,to determine the genetic and molecular mechanisms of negative heterosis.Results:We performed reciprocal crossing experiments with two distinct chicken lines and found that the body weight presented widely negative heterosis in the early growth of chickens.Negative heterosis of carcass traits was more common than positive heterosis,especially breast muscle mass,which was over−40%in reciprocal progenies.Genome-wide gene expression pattern analyses of breast muscle tissues revealed that nonadditivity,including dominance and overdominace,was the major gene inheritance pattern.Nonadditive genes,including a substantial number of genes encoding ATPase and NADH dehydrogenase,accounted for more than 68%of differentially expressed genes in reciprocal crosses(4257 of 5587 and 3617 of 5243,respectively).Moreover,nonadditive genes were significantly associated with the biological process of oxidative phosphorylation,which is the major metabolic pathway for energy release and animal growth and development.The detection of ATP content and ATPase activity for purebred and crossbred progenies further confirmed that chickens with lower muscle yield had lower ATP concentrations but higher hydrolysis activity,which supported the important role of oxidative phosphorylation in negative heterosis for growth traits in chickens.Conclusions:These findings revealed that nonadditive genes and their related oxidative phosphorylation were the major genetic and molecular factors in the nega

关 键 词：CHICKEN Growth Gene expression patterns HETEROSIS Oxidative phosphorylation 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]