近30年内蒙古黄旗海湿地时空动态变化分析  

Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Dynamic Changes of the Huangqihai Wetland in Inner Mongolia in the Past 30 Years

作　　者：孟庆吉 许耘嘉 MENG Qing-ji;XU Yun-jia(College of Tourism and Geographical Sciences,Baicheng Normal University,Baicheng 137000,China;Logistics Department,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]白城师范学院旅游与地理科学学院,吉林白城137000 [2]吉林大学后勤处,长春130012

出　　处：《白城师范学院学报》2021年第5期72-77,83,共7页Journal of Baicheng Normal University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“我国北方湖泊时空格局和变化特征”(2019YFA0607101).

摘　　要：文章以内蒙古黄旗海湿地为研究区,以Landsat遥感影像为数据源,利用支持向量机的分类方法,分析1990—2020年黄旗海湿地的变化状况,并揭示其产生变化的驱动力因素.结果表明:(1)1990—2020年黄旗海湿地总面积呈先减小后增大的态势,1990—2010年沼泽湿地和坑塘湿地面积分别减小了28.19 km^(2)和1.27 km^(2),湖泊湿地在2010年完全干涸,2010—2020年研究区湿地有所恢复;(2)1990—2010年,各类湿地主要转化为裸地、农田和盐碱地,2010—2020年,存在大部分非湿地向湿地类型转化的状况.导致黄旗海湿地变化的主要自然因素为多年来降水量的减少、蒸发量的增大和后期降水量的增加;主要人为因素为耕地面积、粮食产量的增长以及经济的发展使得湿地受到严重破坏,后期由于保护措施得当,效果明显,使得湿地得以修复.Using Huangqihai wetland as the research area and landsat remote sensing images as the data source,this study uses the support vector machine classification method to analyze the changes in the Huangqihai wetland from 1990 to 2020,and reveals the driving forces of the changes.The results showed that:(1)The total area of Huangqihai wetland decreased first and then increased from 1990 to 2020.Among them,the area of marsh wetland and pit pond wetland decreased by 28.19km^(2) and 1.27 km^(2) respectively from 1990 to 2010,and the wetland was completely dried up in 2010,the wetland in the study area has recovered from 2010 to 2020.(2)From 1990 to 2010,various types of wetlands were mainly transformed into bare land,farmland and saline-alkali land;from 2010 to 2020,most of the non-wetlands were transformed into wetland types.The main human factors are the increase in the area of arable land,the increase in grain production and the devel⁃opment of the economy.It was severely damaged,and the effect of later protection measures became prominent,allowing the wetland to be repaired.

关 键 词：遥感 监测 驱动因素 黄旗海湿地 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]