弹性短纹杆-板齿组合式大白菜种子脱粒装置研究  

Design and Experiment of Chinese Cabbage Seed Threshing Device Combined with Elastic Short-rasp-bar Tooth

作　　者：王升升 卢梦晴 胡金鹏 陈盼 姬江涛 王福民 WANG Shengsheng;LU Mengqing;HU Jinpeng;CHEN Pan;JI Jiangtao;WANG Fumin(College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China;College of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农业装备工程学院,洛阳471003 [2]江苏大学农业工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2021年第11期86-94,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52005163);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110464010)。

摘　　要：大白菜种子市场规模发展迅速,其大面积、产业化种植使得机械化收获需求日益增长。针对人工收获效率低、常规脱粒方式下种子破碎率高问题,设计了一种由弹性短纹杆板齿、柔性圆头钉齿等脱粒元件与圆管凹板组合的大白菜种子脱粒装置。利用ANSYS Workbench对脱粒滚筒进行有限元模态分析,验证脱粒滚筒结构的合理性。选取喂入量、滚筒转速及脱粒间隙为试验因素,以种子损失率和破碎率为试验指标开展了响应面优化及田间对比试验,建立各试验因素与试验指标之间的数学模型,分析各因素对指标的影响并对装置的结构及工作参数进行了优化。试验结果表明,当滚筒转速为726 r/min、脱粒间隙为22.3 mm、喂入量为1.73 kg/s时,种子损失率为0.68%,破碎率为0.39%。试验结果满足设计要求,能够实现对收获期大白菜种子的低破碎率机械化脱粒作业。The Chinese cabbage seed market is developing rapidly,and the demand for mechanized harvest is increasing day by day due to the large area and industrial planting.Aiming at the technical problems of low efficiency of artificial harvest and high seed breaking rate by conventional threshing method,a threshing device for Chinese cabbage seed was designed,which was composed of threshing elements such as elastic short-rasp-bar tooth,flexible round head spike tooth and circular tube concave plate.The finite element modal analysis of threshing cylinder was carried out with ANSYS Workbench,and the rationality of structure of threshing cylinder was verified.The feeding amount,cylinder speed and threshing clearance were selected as experimental factors,and the response surface optimization and field comparison experiments were carried out based on the experimental indicators of seed loss rate and breaking rate.Through experiments,the mathematical model between each experiment factor and experiment index was established,the influence of each factor on the index was analyzed,and the structure and working parameters of the device were optimized.The experimental results showed that when the cylinder speed was 726 r/min,the threshing clearance was 22.3 mm,and the feeding amount was 1.73 kg/s,the seed loss rate was 0.68%and the breaking rate was 0.39%.The experimental results met the design requirements,and it can realize the mechanized threshing operation of Chinese cabbage seeds with a low breaking rate during the harvest period.

关 键 词：大白菜种子 脱粒装置 弹性短纹杆-板齿 柔性圆头钉齿 

分 类 号：S226.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]