会仙湿地典型河流重金属污染分布特征及风险评价  

Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in typical rivers of Huixian wetland

作　　者：张军[1,2,3] 李军[1,2,3] 覃海光 马冬冬[1] 王敦球 ZHANG Jun;LI Jun;QING Hai-guang;MA Dong-dong;WANG Dun-qiu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541006 [2]桂林理工大学广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541006 [3]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《桂林理工大学学报》2021年第3期615-625,共11页Journal of Guilin University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(5163800651868011);广西创新团队研究项目(2018GXNSFGA281001);“广西特聘专家”专项资金项目。

摘　　要：调查了会仙湿地典型河流地表水和沉积物重金属As、Hg、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb,以及水葫芦中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb的分布特征及富集情况,采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价地表水和沉积物重金属污染特征,地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价沉积物重金属的污染程度特征及生态风险,植物富集系数法评价水葫芦(Eichhornia crassipes)富集重金属的能力。结果发现:夏季地表水重金属含量高于秋季含量,夏季呈现重污染状态,秋季呈现轻污染状态,均为地表水Ⅳ类水质,主要受Hg含量特征影响;两季沉积物重金属均为轻度污染,但Hg的强生态风险率高达95.8%;水葫芦根部的重金属含量普遍高于茎和叶部,根部对地表水与沉积物重金属富集的能力大小顺序一致,均为Zn>Pb>Cu(Ni)>Cr。The distribution characteristics and environmental risks of heavy metals(HMs)As,Hg,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn and Pb in surface water and sediments of Huixian wetland typical rivers,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn and Pb in Eichhornia crassipes are investigated in this paper.Single factor pollution index and Nemoro comprehensive pollution index were carried out to evaluate the pollution characteristics of HMs in surface water and sediment.The geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index were utilized to evaluate the level of pollution and ecological risk of HMs in sediments.Bioaccumulation factor was adopted to assess the accumulation ability of Eichhornia crassipes.The content of HMs in summer badly polluted by HMs is significantly higher than that in autumn polluted by lightly HMs.Surface water quality classified to Ⅳ class in the two seasons was affected by the high content of Hg primarily.The sediments were lightly polluted by HMs in the two seasons,but the strong ecological risk rate of Hg is up to 95.8%.The content of roots is generally higher than that in stems and leaves in the Eichhornia crassipes.The sequence of the ability of roots to absorb HMs from surface water and sediments is consistent as Zn>Pb>Cu(Ni)>Cr.

关 键 词：重金属 生态风险 污染评价 富集系数 会仙湿地 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]