以自动化码头为中心的船舶配载优化  

Ship stowage optimization centered on automated terminal

作　　者：丁一[1] 王聪 DING Yi;WANG Cong(Logistics Research Center,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学物流研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《计算机应用》2021年第11期3385-3393,共9页journal of Computer Applications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71972128)。

摘　　要：针对自动化码头船舶配载效率较低的问题,为了提高设备资源利用率,提出了一种基于船舶配载特点设计的固定集搜索(FSS)算法。首先,在考虑一般船舶配载原则的基础上,以桥吊作业计划为依据,引入箱区作业均衡因素,将最小化箱区翻箱量、总装船时间以及尽可能的箱区作业均衡作为目标,建立自动化码头船舶配载混合整数规划模型;其次,通过固定较优解中多次出现的元素来寻求最优解。实验结果表明,不同规模的实例下,FSS算法相较于Cplex,翻箱量和不均衡箱数分别平均减少了22.3%和11.7%,目标函数值平均优化了6.5%;所提固定集搜索算法与粒子群优化(PSO)算法、遗传算法(GA)和蚁群优化(PSO)算法相比,目标函数值平均优化了2.1%,凸显了FSS算法更高的配载效率。而为了增加案例的多样性,对箱区堆栈分布和比例进行了调整。在这个情况下,FSS算法的不均衡箱数相较上述三种算法平均减少了19.3%,设备资源利用率更高。Aiming at the low efficiency of ship stowage in automated terminals,a new Fixed Set Search(FSS)algorithm based on ship stowage characteristics was proposed in order to improve the utilization of equipment resources.Firstly,on the basis of considering the general principles of ship stowage,by introducing the block operation balance factor and taking the minimization of the number of rehandles and total loading on board time with as much block operation balance as possible as the objectives,a mixed integer programming model of ship stowage in automated terminals was established based on the quay crane working plan.Then,the optimal solution was searched by fixing the elements that appeared repeatedly in the better solutions.Experimental results show that,under the instances with different scales,compared with Cplex,the proposed FSS algorithm has the rehandle number and unbalanced container number reduced by 22.3%and 11.7%on average respectively,and the objective function value optimized by 6.5%on average.Compared with the Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm,Genetic Algorithm(GA)and Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)algorithm,the proposed FSS algorithm has the objective function value optimized by 2.1%on average,highlighting the higher stowage efficiency of the FSS algorithm.In order to increase the diversity of instances,the distribution and proportion of block stacks were adjusted.Under this circumstance,compared with the above three algorithms,the FSS algorithm has the number of unbalanced containers reduced by 19.3%on average,and has higher utilization of equipment resources.

关 键 词：自动化码头 船舶配载 箱区作业均衡 翻箱 固定集搜索 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]