身体、机器与后人类:后人文主义视角下的《救人就是救自己》  

Body,Machine and the Posthuman:A Posthumanistic Approach to“The Life You Save May Be Your Own”

作　　者：肖明文[1,2] Xiao Mingwen

机构地区：[1]南昌大学外国语学院 [2]清华大学外文系

出　　处：《文学理论前沿》2014年第2期30-51,共22页Frontiers of Literary Theory

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“美国南方女性小说解读研究”(14CWW023);教育部人文社科项目“弗兰纳里·奥康纳小说研究”(11YJC752032)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文首先评述了后人文主义研究的代表性人物的主要论著,然后解释了后人文主义、后人类和人机合一体等关键概念。文章明确指出了后人文主义的主要考察对象是人类主体性的机器性和/或动物性,并着重追溯了有关人类与机器之间关系的哲学观点,最后运用后人文主义视角对弗兰纳里·奥康纳的短篇小说《救人就是救自己》加以详细解读。笔者认为,这个短篇故事既诠释了有机身体与机械身体的融合,又揭示了自然身体与国家/文化身体的关联。奥康纳在文本中传递的信息与后人文主义学者的主张不谋而合,都倡导人类与非人类之间的平等和谐关系。This essay begins by reviewing those significant works of the leading posthumanist theorists,and then explains such key terms as posthumanism,posthuman and cyborg.It points out that posthumanism mainly deals with the mechanicity and/or animality of human subjectivity,and focuses on tracing some representative philosophical ideas on human-machine relationship;then it adopts the posthumanist perspective to interpret in detail Flannery O’Connor’s short story“The Life You Save May Be Your Own”.The author argues that the message O’Connor conveys in this short story concurs with the claims of posthumanist scholars,both of whom advocate an equal and harmonious relationship between humans and nonhumans.

关 键 词：后人文主义 后人类 身体 机器 弗兰纳里·奥康纳 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]