6种野生金花茶叶表皮微形态特征及其系统学意义  

Leaf Epidermal Micromorphological Features and Their Systematic Significance of Six Wild Species of Camellia chrysantha

作　　者：朱栗琼[1] 覃冬梅 招礼军[1] 邓斌胜 刘晟源 蒋昌杰 ZHU Li-Qiong;QIN Dong-Mei;ZHAO Li-Jun;DENG Bin-Sheng;LIU Sheng-Yuan;JIANG Chang-Jie(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation,Nanning 530004;Chongzuo Forestry Science Research Institute/Chongzuo City Garden Science and Technology Research Institute,Chongzuo 532200;Guangxi Nonggang National Nature Reserve,Longzhou 532400;Nanning Golden Camellia Park,Nanning 530022)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,南宁530004 [2]崇左市林业科学研究所/崇左市园林科学技术研究所,崇左532200 [3]广西弄岗国家级自然保护区管理局,龙州532400 [4]南宁市金花茶公园,南宁530022

出　　处：《植物研究》2021年第6期841-850,共10页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560061);崇左市重大科学技术专项(FC2018003)。

摘　　要：为了探究金花茶组植物叶表皮微形态特征差异,利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对广西弄岗国家级自然保护区6种野生金花茶成熟叶表皮微形态特征进行了观察和测量。研究结果表明:①6种金花茶的叶表皮由表皮细气孔器组成,气孔随机分布在远轴面,每个气孔都具有3个大小不等的副卫细胞,属环列型气孔;不同种类金花茶的气孔长度、宽度、密度、指数和上、下表皮细胞密度等存在显著差异(P<0.05)。②表皮性状聚类分析表明,毛籽金花茶和弄岗金花茶聚为一类,其余4个物种单独聚为一类;表皮细胞平周壁与细胞壁位置、覆盖于表皮细胞之上的角质层和蜡质层纹饰、气孔与表皮细胞位置、气孔外拱盖表面及内缘形态、气孔外拱盖外缘角质膜等微形态特征也表现出相似的结果。③6种金花茶的叶表皮细胞上普遍具有丝状或链状蜡质饰纹,可作为金花茶组植物栽培种与野生种分类的重要依据。④从气孔分布位置、角质层和蜡质层存在、较厚的表皮细胞壁、具有下陷的气孔等特征,可以推断出野生金花茶对当地偏干旱的喀斯特生境有较强的适应性。To compare the differences in leaf epidermis micro-morphology of Camellia chrysantha,the light microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to investigate the mature leaf epidermis micromorphological features of six wild C.chrysantha species in Guangxi Nonggang National Nature Reserve.The results showed that:①The leaf epidermis was composed of epidermal fine stomata apparatus in six C.chrysantha species,and the stomata were randomly distributed on the leaf abaxial surface.Each stomata had three guard cells with different sizes,which categorized as annular type stomata.There were significant differences in stomatal length,stomatal width,stomatal density,stomatal index and cell density of upper and lower epidermis cell density among six species of C.chrysantha(P<0.05).②Cluster analysis results with epidermal traits showed that C.ptilosperma and C.longgangensis were classified into one category,and the other four species were classified into each own category separately.Similar results were shown from the micromorphological features,such as location of the flat peripheral wall and cell wall of epidermal cells,the ornamentation of cuticle and waxy layer covering epidermal cells,the location of stomata and epidermal cells,the morphology of the surface and inner edge of stomatal outer arches,and the cuticle membrane on the outer edge of stomatal outer arches.③Filamentous or chain-like wax decoration lines were commonly found on epidermal cells of the six species leaves,which might be used as an important evidence for the classification of cultivated species and wild species of C.chrysantha.④Wild C.chrysantha species showed strong adaptability to the arid karst habitat based on the leaf epidermal traits,including the distribution of stomata,the existence of cuticle and wax layer,thick epidermal cell wall and sunken stomata.

关 键 词：金花茶 叶表皮 微形态特征 分类 适应性 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学]