北方地区黄芪根系发育、成分积累及表观生长种间差异  

Interspecies Difference of Astragalus on Root Development,Component Accumulation and Apparent Growth in Northern China

作　　者：徐海军 姚琴[3] 程薪宇 王晓飞 XU Hai-Jun;YAO Qin;CHENG Xin-Yu;WANG Xiao-Fei(Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040;Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Daqing 163319;Landscaping company of Logistic Administration of Daqing Oilfield Limited Company,Daqing 163711;College of Life Sciences,Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao 334001)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省科学院大庆分院,大庆163319 [3]大庆油田矿区事业服务部园林绿化公司,大庆163711 [4]上饶师范学院生命科学学院,上饶334001

出　　处：《植物研究》2021年第6期862-869,共8页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：黑龙江省科学院科学研究基金项目(KY2018DQ01);黑龙江省院所基本应用技术研究专项(ZNJJ2020DQ01)。

摘　　要：明确黄芪种间差异对其产业化种植有着重要影响。在田间试验条件下,对蒙古黄芪与膜荚黄芪的根系结构发育、根形态、药用成分及表观生长量等指标进行了差异性分析,结果表明:①前期阶段黄芪种间根系结构差异不显著,在生长中后期(≥60 d),蒙古黄芪韧皮射线和木射线薄壁细胞中淀粉积累显著高于膜荚黄芪;②蒙古黄芪根系毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、刺芒柄花苷和多糖含量分别是膜荚黄芪的1.8倍、1.6倍、1.3倍;③膜荚黄芪根形畸变率(70%)远高于蒙古黄芪(53.1%),且膜荚黄芪和蒙古黄芪直根根形指数(RS1)置信区间分别为[0.770.82]、[0.740.79];④膜荚黄芪株高、地径、A/U值分别是蒙古黄芪的1.14~1.22倍、1.13~1.46倍、1.21~1.80倍,但根长却显著低于蒙古黄芪(P<0.05)。建议种植品种根据生产目标定向选择。To clarify the interspecies difference of Astragalus has an important impact on its industrial planting,the differences between Astragalus mongolicus and A. membranaceus were analyzed including root structure development,root morphology,medicinal components and apparent growth respectively. The results showed that:(1) On the early stage,there was no significant difference in root structure between Astragalus species,while sowing 60 d later,starch accumulation in phloem ray and xylem ray parenchyma cells of A. mongolicus were significantly higher than that of A. membrane.(2)The contents of calycosin-7-glucoside,formononetin and polysaccharide in root of A. mongolicus were 1.8,1.6 and 1.3 times as much as that of A. membranaceus,respectively.(3)The root morphological distortion rate of A. membranaceus(70%)was significantly higher than that of A. mongolicus(53.1%),and the confidence intervals of the root shape coefficient(RS1)of A.membranaceus and A. mongolicus were[0.77 0.82]and[0.74 0.79],respectively.(4)The plant height,ground diameter and A/U values of A. membranaceus were 1.14-1.22,1.13-1.46,1.21-1.80 times as much as that of A.mongolicus(P<0.05),respectively,but the root length was significantly lower than that of A. mongolicus.Therefore,it is suggested that planting varieties should be selected species according to the production target.

关 键 词：蒙古黄芪 膜荚黄芪 根系解剖特征 根系形态 表观生长 药用成分 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]