广西壮族自治区某矿区学龄儿童血铅和血镉水平与体格发育的相关性研究  

Correlation of Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels with Physical Development in School-aged Children in a Mining Area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China

作　　者：曲英莉[1] 张淼[1] 丁亮[1] 蔡嘉旖 黄林[2] 司国爱 曹兆进[1] 钟格梅[2] QU Yingli;ZHANG Miao;DING Liang;CAI Jiayi;HUANG Lin;SI Guoai;CAO Zhaojin;ZHONG Gemei

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所 [2]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心 [3]广西壮族自治区河池市金城江区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2021年第3期223-229,共7页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201309049)。

摘　　要：目的探讨广西壮族自治区某矿业污染区学龄儿童血铅和血镉水平与体格发育的关系。方法于2013—2014年选择可能受广西壮族自治区某矿业污染的5个村(5~14)岁儿童作为项目调查对象,对调查对象进行问卷调查,并通过体格检查测量儿童身高、体重等生长发育指标。应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测全血中铅、镉水平。分别根据血铅、血镉水平的四分位数将研究对象分为Q1~Q4组,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析学龄儿童血铅、血镉水平与体格发育的相关关系。结果本文共收集儿童294名作为调查分析对象,儿童血铅与血镉水平的几何均值(95%CI)分别为36.96(35.41~38.59)μg/L和1.21(1.15~1.27)μg/L。儿童发育迟缓率为19.4%。多因素Logistic回归模型结果显示,调整年龄、性别、行为及饮食习惯等因素后,与Q1组相比,Q2~Q4组血铅水平组的儿童生长发育迟缓发生风险的OR(95%CI)值分别为3.04(0.76~10.12)、4.54(1.21~13.64)及6.89(1.75~21.29);与Q1组相比,Q2~Q4组血镉水平组的儿童生长发育迟缓发生风险的OR(95%CI)值分别为2.32(0.73~7.36)、4.17(1.28~13.65)及3.57(1.08~11.78)。结论儿童血铅与血镉水平与儿童体格发育之间存在负相关关系,需引起关注。Objective To investigate the correlation of blood lead and cadmium levels with physical development in school-aged children in a polluted mining area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.Methods The children,aged(5-14)years,who lived in five villages which might be polluted by a mine in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as respondents in 2013—2014.A questionnaire survey was performed for these children,and physical examination was performed to measure the growth and development indices including body height and body weight.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the levels of lead and cadmium in whole blood.The children were divided into Q1-Q4 groups according to the quartiles of blood lead and cadmium levels,and the multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation of blood lead and cadmium levels with physical development.Results A total of 294 children were collected as respondents,and the geometric means of blood lead and cadmium levels in these children were 36.96(95%CI:35.41-38.59)μg/L and 1.21(95%CI:1.15-1.27)μg/L,respectively.The rate of developmental delay was 19.4%.The multivariate logistic regression model showed that after adjustment for the factors including age,gender,behavior,and dietary habits,compared with the Q1 group in terms of blood lead level,the Q2-Q4 groups had odds ratios(95%CI)for developmental delay of 3.04(0.76-10.12),4.54(1.21-13.64),and 6.89(1.75-21.29),respectively.Compared with the Q1 group in terms of blood cadmium level,the Q2-Q4 groups had odds ratios(95%CI)for de-velopmental delay of 2.32(0.73-7.36),4.17(1.28-13.65),and 3.57(1.08-11.78),respectively.Conclu-sion Blood lead and cadmium levels are negatively correlated with physical development in children,which should be taken seriously.

关 键 词：血铅 血镉 体格发育 学龄儿童 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]