云南茶园暴发性新害虫贡山喙蓟马年龄-龄期两性生命表研究  

Age-stage,two-sex life table of Mycterothrips gongshanensis(Thysanoptera:Thripidae),a new outbreak pest in tea gardens in Yunnan,southwestern China

作　　者：谢艳兰 韦玲长 马润敏 张宏瑞[2] XIE Yan-Lan;WEI Ling-Chang;MA Run-Min;ZHANG Hong-Rui(West Yunnan University, Lincang, Yunnan 677000, China;College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;Lincang Tea Research Institute, Lincang, Yunnan 677000, China)

机构地区：[1]滇西科技师范学院,云南临沧677000 [2]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [3]临沧市茶叶研究院,云南临沧677000

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2021年第11期1305-1312,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技计划项目(2019FD122);云南省科技人才和平台计划建设项目(2018DH011);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2019J0490)。

摘　　要：【目的】贡山喙蓟马Mycterothrips gongshanensis是云南茶园新发现的暴发性茶树Camellia sinensis害虫种类。本研究旨在明确贡山喙蓟马生物学和生态学特征,探明其发育、存活、繁殖特性,并模拟其种群增长。【方法】建立了源自云南临沧地区的贡山喙蓟马实验种群年龄-龄期两性生命表,观测和分析该种群在25℃下取食茶树嫩叶的生活史、存活率、繁殖力等生命表参数,模拟其60 d内的种群增长。【结果】贡山喙蓟马卵、1龄若虫、2龄若虫、预蛹和蛹历期分别为3.89±0.04,1.71±0.04,3.14±0.03,2.23±0.04和3.32±0.05 d;雌成虫的平均寿命为15.50±0.32 d,雄成虫为14.06±0.26 d;平均单雌产卵量为36.12±0.78粒。贡山喙蓟马成虫前期的存活率较高,但成虫期特别是25日龄成虫期后死亡率急剧上升;实验种群内禀增长率r为0.1379±0.0044/d,周限增长率λ为1.1479±0.0050/d,平均世代周期T为21.33±0.13 d,净增殖率R_(0)为18.95±1.68。计算机模拟结果表明,在无外界条件干扰下,以10粒卵为起始虫量,60 d后贡山喙蓟马种群数量将增殖达17335头。【结论】云南临沧地区贡山喙蓟马的存活率高,繁殖力强,世代周期较短,种群能迅速扩增。【Aim】Mycterothrips gongshanensis is a new outbreak thrips pest on tea(Camellia sinensis)plants in Yunnan,southwestern China.This study aims to clarify the biological and ecological characteristics of M.gongshanensis,to ascertain its development,survival and reproduction,and to simulate its population growth.【Methods】The age-stage two-sex life table of the experimental population of M.gongshanensis originated from Lincang,Yunnan,southwestern China was established,and the life history,survival rate,fecundity and other life table parameters of the experimental population of M.gongshanensis feeding on young tea leaves at 25℃were observed and analyzed.Finally,its population growth for a period of 60 d was simulated.【Results】The developmental duration of M.gongshanensis at the egg,1st instar nymphal,2nd instar nymphal,prepupal and pupal stages was 3.89±0.04,1.71±0.04,3.14±0.03,2.23±0.04 and 3.32±0.05 d,respectively.The average longevity of female adult was 15.50±0.32 d,while that of male adult was 14.06±0.26 d.The mean number of eggs laid per female was 36.12±0.78.The survival rate of the preadult stage was high,and the mortality sharply increased after the 25 day-old adult stage.The intrinsic rate of increase(r),finite rate of increase(λ),mean generation time(T),and net reproductive rate(R_(0))of the experimental population of M.gongshanensis were 0.1379±0.0044/d,1.1479±0.0050/d,21.33±0.13 d,and 18.95±1.68,respectively.Starting with 10 eggs,the population of M.gongshanensis reared in the absence of external interference will multiply to 17335 individuals in 60 d based on computer simulation.【Conclusion】The population of M.gongshanensis in Lincang,Yunnan has high survival rate,high fecundity,and short mean generation time,and consequently,the population can grow very fast in this area.

关 键 词：贡山喙蓟马 茶树 实验种群 生活史 年龄-龄期两性生命表 种群模拟 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]