连续施用有机肥对黄瓜体内Zn的积累及其在亚细胞分布的影响  

Effects of Continuous Application of Manure on Accumulation and Subcellular Distribution of Zn in Cucumber

作　　者：马国泰 关天霞 石云辉 李彩霞 黄佳 毛乾宇 MA Guotai;GUAN Tianxia;SHI Yunhui;LI Caixia;HUANG Jia;MAO Qianyu(College of Life Sciences and Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye,Gansu 734000;Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utolization of Gansu,Zhangye,Gansu 734000)

机构地区：[1]河西学院生命科学与工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]甘肃省河西走廊特色资源利用重点实验室,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第21期39-43,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41461075)。

摘　　要：以黄瓜品种‘津优35号’为试材,采用田间随机区组试验设计,研究了不同用量(0、15、30、45 t·hm^(-2)和60 t·hm^(-2))鸡粪源有机肥中Zn在土壤中的积累,以及Zn在黄瓜体内的吸收转运及其在亚细胞各组分中的分布情况,以期为指导黄瓜的安全生产以及鸡粪有机肥合理施用提供参考依据。结果表明:低用量鸡粪有机肥施用就能显著提高土壤Zn含量(P<0.05),土壤Zn含量最高为140.40 mg·kg^(-1),均未超出国家安全标准。施用60 t·hm^(-2)鸡粪有机肥显著提高了黄瓜根部和果实Zn含量,黄瓜果实Zn含量变化范围为19.27~23.59 mg·kg^(-1),但Zn含量均未超过100 mg·kg^(-1),可以安全食用。无论鸡粪施用量的高低,Zn在黄瓜根、茎、叶和果实各亚细胞组分中均表现为可溶性组分<细胞器(叶绿体和线粒体)<细胞壁。60 t·hm^(-2)鸡粪有机肥可以显著提高黄瓜根部细胞壁Zn含量,且根部细胞壁中Zn含量及所占比例随着鸡粪有机肥施用量的增加而增加。细胞壁中Zn在根中所占比例最高,达到了54.67%~58.77%。Taking‘Jinyou 35’cucumber cultivar as test material,the accumulation of Zn in soil,the absorption and transportation of Zn in cucumber and the distribution of Zn in subcellular fractions were studied after chicken manure application with different dosages(0,15,30,45 t·hm^(-2) and 60 t·hm^(-2)),in order to provide a reference for safe production of cucumber and rational application of chicken manure.The results showed that lower application of chicken manure could significantly increase soil Zn content(P<0.05),and the highest Zn content was 140.40 mg·kg^(-1),which did not exceed the national safety standards.Application of 60 t·hm^(-2) chicken manure application significantly increased the Zn content in cucumber root and fruit.The range of Zn content in cucumber fruit ranged from 19.27 mg·kg^(-1) to 23.59 mg·kg^(-1),but the Zn content was not more than 100 mg·kg^(-1),which could be safely eaten.No matter the amount of chicken manure applied,Zn in cucumber roots,stems,leaves and fruits showed the following order,soluble component<organelle(chloroplast and mitochondria)<cell wall.60 t·hm^(-2) chicken manure application could significantly increase the Zn content in cucumber root cell wall,and the content and proportion of Zn in root cell wall increased with the increase of chicken manure application.In the cell wall,Zn accounted for the highest proportion in roots,reaching 54.67%-58.77%.

关 键 词：鸡粪有机肥 ZN 黄瓜 亚细胞组分 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]