外源赤霉素和6-苄氨基嘌呤对墨兰成花的影响  

Effects of the Exogenous Gibberellin and 6-Benzylaminopurine on Flowering of Cymbidium sinense

作　　者：李腾基 黄洁衔 付志惠[2] 黄紫钦 张建霞 LI Tengji;HUANG Jiexian;FU Zhihui;HUANG Ziqin;ZHANG Jianxia(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization in Guangdong,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;College of Construction Engineering,Guangdong Engineering Polytechinc College,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]广东工程职业技术学院建筑工程学院,广东广州510520

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第21期64-71,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2019A1515011288);广州市科技计划资助项目(201707010345)。

摘　　要：以墨兰"企剑白墨"为试材,在花芽分化前期喷施单一的赤霉素(GA_(3))、6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)或二者混合剂,研究GA_(3)和6-BA对墨兰成花生理和开花品质的影响,以期为墨兰的花期调控提供切实可行的技术指导。结果表明:1)与对照相比,单独喷施50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)或100 mg·L^(-1)6-BA均能提高墨兰成花过程叶片中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、淀粉含量,并提高过氧化物酶(POD)活性;2)与对照相比,6-BA或GA_(3)单独处理均可使花期提前,延长开花时间;此外,6-BA处理能促进花芽分化,增加花芽数量,但抑制了花箭伸长,小花败育严重;而GA_(3)处理能显著促进花箭伸长变粗,花萼变长,花朵增大;3)相比于单一激素处理,6-BA和GA_(3)混合喷施效果更加显著,不仅能促进成花生理指标含量的增加,而且能促进墨兰花芽分化,使花芽数增多,开花期提前,开花时间延长,花箭粗壮,花萼变长,全面提升了墨兰的开花观赏品质。The effects of GA_(3) and 6-BA on flowering physiology and flowering quality were studied by spraying single GA_(3),6-BA or their mixture in the early stage of flower bud differentiation of Cymbidium sinense cultivar‘Qijian Baimo’,in order to provide the practical technical guidance for flowering regulation of Cymbidium sinense.The results showed that,1)Compared with the control,spraying 50 mg·L^(-1) GA_(3) or 100 mg·L^(-1)6-BA could effectively increase the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar,starch and POD activity in leaves during flower development.2)Compared with the control,the treatment of single 6-BA or GA_(3) could advance the initial flowering time and prolong the flowering time.In addition,single 6-BA treatment could promote the flower bud differentiation and increase the number of flower buds significantly,but inhibit the height of pedicel,and the florets were aborted seriously.Single GA_(3) treatment could obviously promote the height and diameter of the pedicel,and increase the size of sepals and flowers.3)Compared with the single hormone treatment,the effect was more obvious when sprayed with the mixture of 6-BA and GA_(3).The mixture treatment could not only increase the content of the physiological index during flower development.Moreover,it could promote flower bud differentiation and increase the number of flower buds,make the pedicels stronger,promote flowering and prolong flowering time,increase the size of sepals.The mixture treatment improve the flowering and ornamental quality of Cymbidium sinense.

关 键 词：墨兰 赤霉素 6-苄氨基嘌呤 成花生理 开花品质 花期调控 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]