新型厨余发酵蛋白饲料替代鱼粉对泥鳅生长性能、肠道消化酶和菌群的影响  

Effects of new food waste fermentation protein feed replacing fish meal on the growth performance,intestinal digestive enzymes and intestinal flora of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

作　　者：张海涛[1] 张坤琳 黄金昌 朱广琴[1] 李云龙[1] 张振玲[1] ZHANG Haitao;ZHANG Kunlin;HUANG Jinchang;ZHU Guangqin;LI Yunlong;ZHANG Zhenling(Xuzhou Vocational College of Bioengineering,Xuzhou 221006,China;Jiangsu Zhongmei Changjiang Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州生物工程职业技术学院,江苏徐州221006 [2]江苏中煤长江生物科技有限公司,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2021年第11期31-36,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：徐州市科技计划项目(KC19200);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(18KJD240001)。

摘　　要：旨在研究新型厨余发酵蛋白饲料替代鱼粉对泥鳅生长性能、肠道消化酶和菌群的影响。将810尾泥鳅随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复45尾。在基础饲料中以新型厨余发酵蛋白饲料替代基础饲料中0%、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%的鱼粉,制成6种等氮等能的饲料(分别记为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组,Ⅰ组为对照组),饲养泥鳅50 d。试验结果表明:随着饲料中新型厨余发酵蛋白饲料比例的增加,泥鳅增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质效率(PER)、前肠中胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性呈先上升后逐渐平稳的趋势,其中Ⅳ组达到最大值,但Ⅲ和Ⅳ组无显著性差异(P>0.05),并显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ和Ⅳ组肠体指数(IWI)、肠长指数(ILI)、肠道双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);Ⅲ和Ⅳ组内脏指数(VSI)和肠道大肠埃希菌数量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在本试验条件下,泥鳅配合饲料中新型厨余发酵蛋白饲料替代鱼粉的比例为60%时,能促进泥鳅肠道发育,优化肠道微生态环境,显著提高其生长性能。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fish meal replacement by new food waste fermentation protein feed on the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzymes and intestinal flora of the loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). A total of 810 loach were obtained and randomly divided into 6 groups, with 3 replicates in each group and 45 loach per replicate. New food waste fermentation protein was used in the experimental groups at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%(for the Control groups, Groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ, respectively) to replace fish meal in the basal feed. The 6 kinds of feed had the same nitrogen content and equal energy. The experiment lasted for 50 days. The results showed as follows: With the increase of the proportion of new type food waste fermented protein feed in the diet, the weight gain rate(WGR), the specific growth rate(SGR), the protein efficiency ratio(PER), the protease and lipase activity in the foregut of the loach were first significantly increased and then gradually stabilized. The maximum values were in Group Ⅳ, and there was no significant difference in values between Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ(P>0.05), but they were significantly higher than in the Control Group. The WGR, SGR, PER, the protease and lipase activity in the foregut of Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in the Control Group(P<0.05). Compared with the Control Group, the intestinal weight indexes(IWI), intestinal length indexes(ILI), the amount of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium of Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly increased(P<0.05). The visceral index and the amount of Escherichia coil of the two groups were significantly reduced(P<0.05). To sum up, under the condition of this experiment, the proportion of new kitchen waste fermentation protein feed to replace fish meal was at 60 percent promoted the intestinal development of loach, optimized their intestinal microecological environment and improved their growth performance significantly.

关 键 词：泥鳅 新型厨余发酵蛋白饲料 鱼粉 生长性能 消化酶 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]