金属多轴疲劳行为与寿命预测研究进展  

Research Progress on Fatigue Behavior and Life Prediction under Multiaxial Loading for Metals

作　　者：孙国芹[1] 尚德广[1] 王杨[1] SUN Guoqin;SHANG Deguang;WANG Yang(Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing,Bejing University of Technology,Beijing 100124)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学材料与制造学部,北京100124

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第16期153-172,共20页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51535001,11672010)。

摘　　要：多轴疲劳损伤行为和寿命预测研究关系着复杂加载条件下金属结构件的服役安全,一直受到科学和工程领域的重视。总结多轴低周和高周疲劳试验性能测试一般过程和疲劳行为研究,重点论述多轴非比例加载对低周疲劳和高周疲劳行为的影响,受加载路径,加载载荷和材料类型的影响,非比例加载对材料低周疲劳循环硬化行为和疲劳寿命的影响有差异,对低周疲劳和高周疲劳表现的疲劳行为的影响也有差别,作用机理不尽一致。单轴本构关系通过引入非比例度因子、修正循环强度系数或将多轴加载时的应变等效为单轴应变等方式可推广到多轴疲劳领域。基于应力、应变、能量、临界面和临界面应变能密度法的多轴疲劳寿命预测模型在文中做了综述,疲劳损伤参量中包含能量项的一些多轴疲劳寿命预测方法常被用于多轴低周和高周疲劳寿命预测。缺口件多轴疲劳寿命可采用多轴损伤参量结合局部应力应变法、应力梯度法、应力场强法及临界距离法等进行预测。Multiaxial fatigue damage behavior and life prediction is related to the service safety of metal structures under complex loading condition, which has received great attention in the field of science and engineering. The general process of fatigue testing and fatigue behavior research under multiaxial low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue are summarized. The influence of multiaxial nonproportional loading on fatigue behavior of low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue is emphatically discussed. The effect of nonproportional loading on low-cycle fatigue hardening behavior and fatigue life of materials is different due to the loading path, loading load and material type. The effect of nonproportional loading on fatigue behavior of low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue and damage mechanism is also different. Uniaxial constitutive relation can be extended to the field of multiaxial fatigue by introducing nonproportional factor, correcting cyclic strength coefficient or equating the strain of multiaxial loading to uniaxial strain. The multiaxial fatigue life prediction models based on stress, strain, energy, the critical plane and critical plane strain energy density methods are reviewed. Some multiaxial fatigue life prediction approaches which contain energy term in fatigue damage parameters have been applied to a wide range of multiaxial low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue life. The fatigue life of notched parts can be predicted based on the multiaxial damage parameters combined with the local stress-strain method, stress gradient method, stress field intensity method and critical distance method.

关 键 词：多轴疲劳 非比例加载 疲劳行为 寿命预测模型 缺口件 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]