机械结构健康监测综述  

Mechanical Structural Health Monitoring: A Review

作　　者：房芳[1] 郑辉[1] 汪玉 邱雷[1] FANG Fang;ZHENG Hui;WANG Yu;QIU Lei(The State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210016)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第16期269-292,共24页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51921003,51635008,51635007,51975292)。

摘　　要：随着我国航空航天飞行器、高速列车、核电风电及舰船深潜等机械装备技术的发展,机械结构的高效快速运维对保障机械装备的高性能、高可靠性运转至关重要。机械结构健康监测能够在结构试验和服役全过程中对结构状态进行监控,实现精细化视情维护,提高结构的可靠性并降低运维费用,故机械结构健康监测技术备受重视。围绕机械结构健康监测,梳理其在航空航天、能源化工、风力发电、交通运输领域的发展现状,并对实现机械结构健康监测涉及的先进传感技术、监测系统及监测方法发展现状进行了总结和评述,最后对机械结构健康监测技术的发展趋势进行了展望。With the flourishing development of mechanical equipment, such as aerospace vehicle, high-speed train, nuclear power plant and wind turbine, the mechanical Structural Health Monitoring(SHM) which could ensure the high performance and reliability of mechanical structures has been universally emphasized. By SHM, the mechanical structure can be monitored online during the service process of structure. In addition, the scheduled maintenance can be replaced by the as-needed maintenance. As a result, the structural maintenance cost can be reduced while the safety and reliability of the mechanical structure can be ensured. A review of the critical aspects of the mechanical SHM is presented. First, the development status of mechanical SHM in aerospace, energy and chemical industry, wind turbine and high-speed railway is illustrated. Then, concerns regarding of the advanced sensing technology, SHM systems and SHM methods commonly used in mechanical SHM are presented and reviewed. Finally, the crucial points for further exploring methods and technologies of the mechanical SHM are summarized.

关 键 词：结构健康监测 机械结构 可靠性 损伤诊断 压电导波 

分 类 号：TB553[理学—物理] TH17[理学—声学]