“选择性互动”与乌克兰危机以来德俄关系回暖评析  

“Selective Interaction”and German-Russian Rapprochement Since the Ukrainian Crisis

作　　者：焦一强 朱艳[2] Jiao Yiqiang;Zhu Yan

机构地区：[1]兰州大学政治与国际关系学院、中亚研究所 [2]兰州大学政治与国际关系学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2021年第5期111-140,共30页Russian Studies

基　　金：兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费重点研究基地项目“中亚地区治理与‘一带一路’建设”(项目编号:21lzujbkyjd002)的支持。

摘　　要：乌克兰危机不仅是后冷战时代俄罗斯与西方关系的一道重要分水岭,同时也成为德俄关系的转折点,严重恶化了两国关系。但就总体而言,历史渊源、地缘关系、利益平衡、价值规范乃至外交传统等诸多盘根错节的因素,使乌克兰危机以来德俄关系陷入一种"对抗-合作"的两难困境与外交危机之中。自2013年底德国进入"默克尔3.0时代"以来,伴随着德国外交政策的调整,基于德俄关系的困境与张力,德国在重塑对俄外交时奉行"选择性互动"的策略与政策,使得德俄关系明显出现回暖迹象,这对欧洲地缘政治格局产生了极其深远的影响。The Ukraine crisis is not only a major watershed of relations between Russia and the West in the post-Cold War era,but also a turning point in seriously deteriorating German-Russian relations.However,on the whole,a number of intertwined factors,such as historical origins,geopolitical relations,balance of interests,norms and even diplomatic traditions,have led German-Russian relations into a dilemma of"confrontation-cooperation"and diplomatic crisis.Since the end of 2013,when entering the"Merkel 3.0 era"and making adjustments in its foreign policy,Germany has implemented a strategy and policy of"selective interaction"in reshaping its diplomacy with Russia based on the dilemma and tension,resulting in a clear sign of their rapprochement.This has had profound impacts on European geopolitical landscape.

关 键 词：乌克兰危机 选择性互动外交 德俄关系 欧洲地缘政治 

分 类 号：D851[政治法律—政治学]