固定床气化及热解焦油渣处理技术研究进展  

Research progress of treatment technology of coal tar residue from fixed-bed gasification and pyrolysis

作　　者：赵鹏 杭智军 常秋连 ZHAO Peng;HANG Zhijun;CHANG Qiulian(Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry,China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology & Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;Mining Materials Branch,China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司煤化工分院,北京100013 [2]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013 [3]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [4]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司矿用材料分院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2021年第6期50-55,共6页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB0600303)。

摘　　要：焦油渣为煤转化过程中典型的废弃物,对其高效处理具有重要的战略意义和现实意义。介绍不同来源煤焦油渣的主要组成、基本性质及在我国的分布特征和目前企业的处理现状,分析我国当下煤焦油渣的4大主要处理技术即溶剂萃取技术、离心分离技术、热解分离技术以及焦油渣制活性炭技术,对焦油渣处理技术的研究进展进行重点概述,剖析各类技术的优点和局限性。对相应处理技术研究进展进行汇总分析可知:离子液体萃取技术将成为溶剂萃取的新方向,机械分离技术需结合其他手段才能达到较好效果;热解分离技术对不同性质组成的焦油渣适应力强,几乎不会造成二次污染,但耗能较高。焦油渣制活性炭技术最贴合焦油渣的高碳低灰芳烃聚合结构特征,是焦油渣资源化加工技术未来的发展方向,也是煤化工企业危废资源化高技术发展的新模式。Tar residue is the typical waste in coal conversion process,its high efficiency treatment has important strategic and practical significance.This paper analyzed the main composition,basic properties and distribution characteristics of coal tar residues with different sources,the treatment status of current enterprises were introduced as well.4 current treatment technologies of CTR in China currently were analyzed including solvent extraction,centrifugal separation,pyrolysis separation and activated carbon preparation technology(from coal tar residue).The research progress of CTR treatment technology and their characteristics and limits were reviewed.From the comparison of relative treatment technologies,we can see that Ionic liquids as green solvents will become a research hot spot in the field of separation.Centrifugal treatment should work with other methods to achieve better separation.Pyrolysis separation technology has strong adaptability for coal tar residues with different properties and compositions,no secondary pollution will happen almost,but high energy consumption is needed.The activated carbon preparation technology(from coal tar residue)is the method which fit the polymer structure characteristics of high carbon and low ash aromatic hydrocarbons mostly,preparation technology of activated carbon from CTR is future trend for CTR to realize resource utilizationy.New mode of high-tech development of high hazardous waste recycling will be adopted by coal chemical enterprises.

关 键 词：焦油渣 处理技术 煤化工 气化 焦化 热解分离技术 溶剂萃取 离心分离 

分 类 号：TQ546[化学工程—煤化学工程] TQ530.2