氮肥施用方式对高丙醇二酸黄瓜生理特性、产量及品质的影响  

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application patterns on physiological characteristics,yield and quality of high propanol diacid cucumber

作　　者：廉华[1] 李润哲 马光恕[1] 张帆[1] 张君鸣 LIAN Hua;LI Runzhe;MA Guangshu;ZHANG Fan;ZHANG Junming(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2021年第6期171-178,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：黑龙江省教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度重点课题(GJB1320239)。

摘　　要：试验采用氮肥不同用量和基于适宜氮肥用量基础之上的3种形态氮肥不同配比处理,利用塑料大棚试验,测定了氮肥施用方式对高丙醇二酸黄瓜生理特性、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:N4即氮肥用量为552 kg·hm^(-2)对黄瓜叶片光合色素、还原糖、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量和硝酸还原酶活性的促进效果最好,黄瓜果实可溶性糖、维生素C、可溶性蛋白、丙醇二酸含量、单瓜重和产量分别比N1即氮肥用量为69 kg·hm^(-2)提高了95.77%、53.99%、12.34%、13.24%、23.87%和8.95%。同时,在氮肥适宜用量基础之上,3种形态N肥不同配比均对黄瓜丙醇二酸含量、生理特性、产量和品质具有促进作用,其中以T3即NU∶NA∶NN=1∶1∶2促进效果最好,其改善了黄瓜生理特性,果实可溶性糖、维生素C、可溶性蛋白、丙醇二酸含量、单瓜重和产量分别比CK即CO(NH2)2用量为1200 kg·hm^(-2)分别增加了3.96%、13.71%、15.60%、1.35%、8.65%和7.94%。以上结果表明,本研究中的氮肥施用方式可以通过改善黄瓜生理特性,促进产量形成,改善品质指标。In this study,the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application patterns on physiological characteristics,yield and quality of high propanoic acid cucumber through plastic greenhouses was evaluated.Three forms of nitrogen fertilizer with different proportions in each treatment were applied to the cucumber.The results showed that the N4(552 kg·hm^(-2))treatment had the best effect on photosynthetic pigment,reducing sugar,soluble sugar,soluble protein and nitrate reductase activity in cucumber leaves.Its soluble sugar content,vitamin C content,soluble protein,propanol diacid,single-fruit weight and yield of cucumber were increased by 95.77%,53.99%,12.34%,13.24%,23.87%and 8.95%compared with N1(69 kg·hm^(-2)).In terms of optimum nitrogen application rate with the N4(552 kg·hm^(-2))amount,all three forms of nitrogen fertilizer with different rates promoted the physiological characteristics,yield and quality of cucumber.Of which T3(NU∶NA∶NN=1∶1∶2)was the best among them.T3 treatment improved the physiological characteristics of cucumber,and increased the contents of soluble sugar,vitamin C,soluble protein,propanol diacid,single-fruit weight and yield of cucumber by 3.96%,13.71%,15.60%,1.35%,8.65%and 7.94%compared with CK(1200 kg·hm^(-2) of CO(NH2)2).The results indicated that the application of nitrogen fertilizer promoted the yield formation and improved the quality indexes through improving the physiological characteristics of cucumber.

关 键 词：黄瓜 氮肥 施用方式 生理特性 丙醇二酸含量 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S143.1[农业科学—园艺学]