矩形与面包形磁钢永磁同步电机噪声对比分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Noise Between Rectangular and Bread-shaped Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

作　　者：孟玉龙 张驰[2] 陈进华[2] 高云鹏 李争 MENG Yulong;ZHANG Chi;CHEN Jinhua;GAO Yunpeng;LI Zheng(School of Electrical Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology^Shijiazhuang 050018,China;Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo Zhejiang 315201,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学电气工程学院,石家庄050018 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,浙江宁波315201

出　　处：《微电机》2021年第10期7-12,共6页Micromotors

基　　金：中科院STS项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-066);中科院宁波材料所科教融合开放课题;宁波市创新团队(2016B10016);宁波市科技创新2025重大专项;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)资助(XDA22000000)。

摘　　要：为了对比分析矩形磁钢和面包形磁钢永磁同步电机运行时产生的0阶振动噪声,从理论上对电机的径向电磁力波进行推导,对力波的的磁密来源进行了分析,讨论了两种不同磁钢形状的永磁同步电机的0阶振动噪声。基于Workbench仿真平台,对这两种不同磁钢形状的36槽24极永磁同步电机进行仿真分析,得到两种电机的0阶6倍频力波的组成和0阶径向电磁力波的傅里叶分析结果;对电机定子的结构分别进行有限元建模和解析计算,得出电机结构的固有模态;通过解析计算的方法,得到电机定子表面的0阶电磁力振动位移频谱图;最后,通过计算电机的声辐射效率,对电机外部声场进行快速建模,计算出电机0阶电磁力声功率级频谱图。研究表明:面包形磁钢永磁同步电机的振动噪声要远小于矩形磁钢永磁同步电机的振动噪声。In order to compare and analyze the zero-order vibration noise generated by rectangular magnets and bread-shaped magnet permanent magnet synchronous motors during operation,the radial electromagnetic force waves of the motors were theoretically deduced,and the magnetic density source of the force waves was analyzed.The zero-order vibration and noise of two permanent magnet synchronous motors with different magnet shapes were discussed.Based on the Workbench simulation platform,the two 36-slot 24-pole permanent magnet synchronous motors with different magnetic steel shapes were simulated and analyzed,and the composition of the 0-order 6-fold frequency force wave and the 0-order radial electromagnetic force wave of the two motors were obtained.the Fourier analysis results;finite element modeling and analytical calculations were performed on the structure of the motor stator to obtain the natural mode of the motor structure;through the analytical calculation method,the 0-order electromagnetic force vibration displacement spectrum of the motor stator surface was obtained;By calculating the acoustic radiation efficiency of the motor,quickly modeling the external sound field of the motor,and calculated the 0-order electromagnetic sound power level spectrogram of the motor.Studies have shown that the vibration and noise of the bread-shaped magnet permanent magnet synchronous motor is much smaller than that of the rectangular magnet permanent magnet synchronous motor.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 电磁噪声 0阶电磁力波 模态 声功率级频谱图 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机] TM341