中国主产蔗区气候生态空间分布特征研究  

Ecological Region Division for China’s Main Sugarcane Producing Area Through Meteorological and Ecological Characters

作　　者：张跃彬[1] 樊仙[1] 毛均 李如丹[1] 余翔凌 ZHANG Yue-bin;FAN Xian;MAO Jun;LI Ru-dan;YU Xiang-ling(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kaiyuan 661699,China;Yunnan Climate Center,Yunnan Kunming 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远661699 [2]云南省气候中心,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第10期2281-2288,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于太阳辐射与土壤生境的甘蔗潜力研究”(31860341)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究分析中国主产蔗区气候生态特征,为甘蔗产业规划发展、选择甘蔗优良品种、应用科学栽培技术、提高甘蔗糖料生产能力提供科学基础。【方法】根据甘蔗的生态适应性要求,以中国甘蔗主产区(广西、云南、广东)的69个县(市、区)的自然气候特征指标,进行空间分布的生态聚类分析研究,以气候相似性原则进行蔗区气象生态空间分布特征研究。【结果】中国广西、广东和云南的69个甘蔗生产县(市、区)被划分为6组生态蔗区,即亚热带湿润少光照蔗区,亚热带湿润低蒸发蔗区,热带湿润蔗区,亚热带半湿润蔗区,亚热带高湿蔗区,亚热带湿润多光照蔗区。【结论】广西蔗区主要属于亚热带湿润少光照蔗区和亚热带湿润低蒸发蔗区,年平均气温高,降雨量丰富,但日照时数少,降雨量大于蒸发量,相对湿度大;云南蔗区分为滇西为主的亚热带湿润多光照蔗区和滇南为主的亚热带半湿润蔗区;广东蔗区以粤西为主,属于热带湿润蔗区,具有高温多雨高湿的特点。【Objective】Analyzing the climatic and ecological characters in sugarcane area in China was essential for Sugarcane industrial planning,and selection of sugarcane cultivar and seasonable cultivation practices,and further improving capacity for raw cane production.【Method】According to the ecological adaption of sugarcane,the natural climatic parameters of 69 counties(cities,district)in China’s main sugarcane producing area(Guangxi,Yunnan,and Guangdong)were used in the cluster analysis for spatial distribution,and the principle of climatic similarity was used in the study on spatial distribution characteristics of meteorological ecology for the sugarcane area.【Result】The 69 sugarcane producing counties(cities,district)in Guangxi,Guangdong and Yunnan provinces in China were divided into 6 ecological area,namely subtropical humid sunshine-lacking sugarcane area,subtropical humid weak evaporation sugarcane area,tropical humid sugarcane area,subtropical semi-humid sugarcane area,subtropical high humidity sugarcane area,and subtropical humid abundant sunshine sugarcane area.【Conclusion】Most of sugarcane areas in Guangxi provinces were subtropical humid sunshine-lacking sugarcane area and subtropical humid weak evaporation sugarcane area with high mean annual temperatures and abundant rainfall,but short in sunshine duration,the rainfall was greater than its evaporation,and consequently which was great in relative moisture.Sugarcane areas were clearly divided into subtropical humid abundant sunshine area and subtropical semi-humid area in the west and south of Yunnan provinces,respectively.In Guangdong provinces,sugarcane was mainly growing in the west area,which belonged to tropical humid sugarcane area and had a typical high temperature,abundant rainfall and high humid characteristics.

关 键 词：甘蔗 气候生态 分布特征 

分 类 号：S566[农业科学—作物学]