碳材料作为过渡金属氧/硫族化物负极材料负载剂的研究进展  

Advances of Carbon Materials as Loaders for Transition Metal Oxygen/Sulfide Anode Materials

作　　者：郭雨萌 张丽娟[1] 希利德格 亢婧 Guo Yumeng;Zhang Lijuan;XiLi Dege;Kang Jing(Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation,Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects,Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与生命学部,北京市绿色催化与分离重点实验室,环境安全和生物效应卓越中心,北京100124

出　　处：《稀有金属》2021年第10期1241-1257,共17页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(21936001);北京卓越青年科学家项目(BJJWZYJH01201910005017)资助。

摘　　要：在过去的几十年中,碳质材料和含碳复合材料因其具有高比表面积、良好的活性中心、可调的形貌以及优异的传质和扩散性能而引起了人们的极大关注。在储能领域,可充电锂离子电池(LIBs)和钠离子电池(SIBs)作为下一代大型储能系统,被广泛研究。然而,其能量密度、功率密度以及循环性,仍然是LIBs/SIBs面临的主要挑战,尤其是作为瓶颈的阳极,其中过渡金属氧化物/硫化物由于其固有的低的导电性和循环过程中大的体积膨胀,限制了它们商业化的应用。碳材料由于其导电性好,在循环过程中具有良好的循环性能,因此作为大部分负极材料的负载物,提高复合材料的导电性及循环性能。本文从锂/钠离子电池负极材料常用的过渡金属氧化物/硫化物/硒化物与碳复合的材料出发,系统地总结了锂/钠离子电池中载体碳的类型、复合材料的合成方法,并展望了碳负载负极材料所面临的挑战。In the past few decades,great efforts have been made in exploring advanced active materials with improved electrochemical performances in terms of high energy density,good mechanical/thermal stability,environmental friendliness and low cost for practical applications.To accomplish these goals,combining active materials with other active/inactive materials for complementary strengthen‐ing is an efficient approach,among these active materials,carbon materials are of great importance to a range of battery chemistries,be‐cause of it is the most versatile element on the periodic table,and its various allotropes make for highly diverse properties and applica‐tions.Nowadays,carbonaceous and carbon-containing composite materials have attracted great attention because of their high specific surface area,good active center,adjustable morphology,and excellent mass transfer and diffusion properties.For example,biomass de‐rived carbon had the advantage of being a renewable,low-cost source,and also can provide excellent porous 3D nanostructure.N-dop‐ing of carbon have been proven to improve the electrochemical performance,as it enhances the electrical conductivity and also provide more sites.Furthermore,N-doped carbons are synthesized typically using various expensive,toxic N containing precursors following rigorous/complex experimental procedures.In this point,preparation of N-doped carbon from naturally occurring bio waste/biomass is very appealing as it reduces the environmental pollution,lessens the usage of toxic chemicals and is very inexpensive both in terms of source cost and processing cost.Graphene is regarded as the ideal conductive substrate to disperse and confine active materials because of its excellent conductivity,large specific surface area,robust mechanical strength and remarkable stability.In the field of recharge‐able lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),as the next-generation large-scale energy storage systems,have been widely studied.However,its energy density,power densi

关 键 词：锂离子电池 钠离子电池 过渡金属氧/硫族化物负极材料 碳材料 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]