卫星在热带气旋快速增强观测中的应用进展  

Review on the Research Progress of Satellite Observations ofRapidly Intensifying Tropical Cyclones

作　　者：张淼[1] 邱红[1] 覃丹宇[1] 寿亦宣 Zhang Miao;Qiu Hong;Qin Danyu;Shou Yixuan(Key Lab of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites,China Meteorological Administration(LRCVES/CMA)and National Satellite Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室,国家卫星气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2021年第2期81-86,共6页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2017YFC1501603).

摘　　要：热带气旋(TC)快速增强(RI)对我国影响大且预报难度较大,在常规观测资料稀少的海洋上,卫星探测技术的发展,提供了更多的RI TC内部结构变化的有效信息,能够帮助人们进一步认识TC强度的变化规律。文中总结了静止轨道及极地轨道卫星上搭载的可见/红外扫描仪、微波成像仪、降水测量雷达、风场测量仪器、闪电成像仪和云雷达资料在TC RI中的应用以及存在的问题,指出发展小卫星星座及静止轨道微波探测,加强RI TC内部的降水、云微物理和风场等重要信息的时间演变分析,并结合数值模拟进一步研究TC RI的物理机制将是未来的发展方向。Rapidly intensifying(RI)tropical cyclones(TC)are difficult to be predicted and often cause severe disasters.On the ocean with few regular observations,the development of satellite detection technology provides more effective information of TC internal structure variations,and can help to further understanding the variation rule of TC intensity.The application of visible/infrared scanner,microwave imager,precipitation measurement radar,wind field measurement instrument,lightning imager and cloud radar data on the geostationary and polar orbit satellites in TC RI as well as the existing problems were discussed.The development of small satellite constellation and microwave detection aboard geostationary satellites that strengthen the evolution observation of important information such as precipitation,cloud microphysics and wind field in RI TC were pointed out,and further study on the physical mechanism of RI in combination with numerical simulation will be the direction for future research.

关 键 词：卫星观测 热带气旋 快速增强 动力结构 热力结构 

分 类 号：P414.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]