构建碳中和电力系统——碳中和公式  

Criterial equation of carbon neutrality for power systems

作　　者：高林[1] 郑雅文 杨东泰 朱磊[3] 李胜[1] 金红光[1] Lin Gao;Yawen Zheng;Dongtai Yang;Lei Zhu;Sheng Li;Hongguang Jin(Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Engineering Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Economics and Management,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学工程科学学院,北京100049 [3]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191

出　　处：《科学通报》2021年第31期3932-3936,共5页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0600803)资助.

摘　　要：气候变化已经成为当代人类社会面临的最大挑战. 2020年以来,以控制全球温升1.5℃为目标,部分国家陆续提出各自的碳中和战略. 2020年,我国碳排放总量超过113亿吨.同年9月22日,习近平主席在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上宣布并提出了"中国将提高国家自主贡献力度,采取更加有力的政策和措施,二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和"的目标.By the end of 2020, most countries in the world have successively proposed carbon-neutral targets. Among them, the major economies in the world, such as the United States(USA), the European Union, Japan, and Canada, have proposed to achieve carbon-neutral targets by 2050. As the world’s largest carbon emitter, China has a total carbon emissions of more than 11.3 billion tons, accounting for about 30% of global carbon emissions. Therefore, the carbon emission reduction required for China is much higher than that of other economies, and its carbon-neutral tasks are obviously more complex and diversified. On 22 September 2020, the Chinese government announced in the 75 th Session of the UN(United Nations)General Assembly(New York, USA) that China aims to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. The announcement of the carbon-neutral target clearly indicated that China needs to carry out a self-revolution to achieve zero CO_(2) emissions before2060.The concept of carbon neutrality is essentially a balance between carbon sources and carbon sinks. The carbon source is the process of releasing CO_(2) into the atmosphere, and the carbon sink is the process of absorbing CO_(2) from the atmosphere.Investigating the atmospheric system within a certain period, when the amount of CO_(2) emitted by all carbon sources into the system is equal to the amount of CO_(2) absorbed by all carbon sinks from the system, carbon neutrality can be achieved.There are various carbon sources and sinks in nature with complicated relationships. Among them, the most important carbon source related to human activities is energy production. In 2020, China’s power sector emitted about 4 billion tons of CO_(2) per year, which is close to 40% of the total emissions. Thus, the power sector is one of the key areas in emission reduction to achieve the carbon-neutral goal.Building a carbon-neutral power system is the only way to achieve decarbonization in the energy sector. Based on the carbon balance principle, this paper proposed the critical equatio

关 键 词：碳中和 二氧化碳排放 电力系统 碳排放总量 联合国大会 气候变化 国家自主贡献 政策和措施 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济] X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]