超细颗粒物在非对称下呼吸道中沉积效应的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation on deposition effects of ultrafine particles in the asymmetrical lower respiratory tract

作　　者：庄依杰 马子健 龙霄翱 杨彦 余应新 Yijie Zhuang;Zijian Ma;Xiaoao Long;Yan Yang;Yingxin Yu(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health,Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Neurosurgery Department,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University,Zhanjiang 524023,China;Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Shantou 515041,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,环境健康与污染控制研究院,粤港澳污染物暴露与健康联合实验室,广东省环境催化与健康风险控制重点实验室,广州510006 [2]广东医科大学附属医院神经外科,湛江524023 [3]化学与精细化工广东省实验室,汕头515041

出　　处：《科学通报》2021年第31期4054-4064,共11页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52006039,41907299,41977303);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1801102);化学与精细化工广东省实验室科研启动项目(2032008)资助。

摘　　要：超细颗粒物质量轻、体积小,易在空气中传播及人体呼吸系统中沉积,引起慢性疾病甚至癌症.超细颗粒物在下呼吸道沉积的相关研究较少.本研究基于Yeh模型建立第1~10级三维人体非对称支气管模型,并利用EI-Basth模型描述颗粒沉积规律,采用计算流体力学方法模拟研究不同支气管的形状和直径以及超细颗粒物的不同物性,对其沉积效应的影响及其与细颗粒物的差别.研究表明,形状变化缓和以及较大的径向流体速度差是超细颗粒物发生沉积的有利条件,曳力对超细颗粒物的作用是超细颗粒物在下呼吸道沉积的根本原因.肺部的右上叶与左下叶相比于其他部分,对超细颗粒物有一定的富集作用,在进行环境健康风险评估时应着重考虑这两个部位.不同直径超细颗粒物和细颗粒物在第1~10级支气管的沉积效应有明显区别,但它们在此部分的沉积率都低于20%.本文可为研究大气环境质量对人体肺部健康状态的影响提供理论指导和科学依据.A large number of particles are released into the atmosphere by human production activities every year.Some of them are combined with bacteria and viruses in the air to form bioactive particles,which are extremely harmful to human health.With light weights and small sizes,atmospheric particles easily spread in the air and enter the human respiratory system through breath,resulting in chronic diseases and even cancer.It is known that the diameters of atmospheric particles,including fine and ultrafine particles,range from 0.001 to 100μm.At present,many studies have been conducted on the deposition effects of fine particles in the human respiratory system,however,few studies have investigated the deposition effects of ultrafine particles.Furthermore,most of these published studies only concern 4−5 levels of the two-dimensional or three-dimensional respiratory tract model,and consider the changes in the bronchus divides angles and the diameters but not the rotation of the bronchus bifurcations.Moreover,most studies on higher level bronchial model have simplified the model by the pruning method,for example,only one or several bronchi from level 1 to level 10 or above are simulated.As such,the research on the deposition effects of ultrafine particles in more than 10 levels of the three-dimensional respiratory tract is still lacking.In the present study,based on Yeh’s model,without using pruning and other simplified methods,we modeled each bronchus using multi-stage asymmetric physiological structural data(including the diameters,lengths,and bifurcating angles of different levels of bronchi in different lobes)with the consideration of the bifurcation radial rotation.The three-dimensional asymmetric bronchial model at level 1−10 was established using SOLIDWORKS software and the EI-Basth’s model was employed to describe the deposition pattern of ultrafine particles.With the help of ANSYS Fluent software,the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method was used to simulate the influence of the shapes and diameters of d

关 键 词：超细颗粒物 非对称性下呼吸道 计算流体力学 沉积效应 环境健康 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学] X513[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]