生物调控释放型尿素对奶牛产奶量、乳成分、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Bio-Regulated Release Urea on Milk Yield,Milk Composition,Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Dairy Cows

作　　者：王二旦 刘吉生 刘巧兰 吕佳颖 王吉东 杨占涛 比莎娜·阿扎提 阿拉依古丽·托合塔别克 都文[1] 李胜利[1] WANG Erdan;LIU Jisheng;LIU Qiaolan;LYU Jiaying;WANG Jidong;YANG Zhantao;BISHANA Azati;ALAYGUL Tohtabek;DU Wen;LI Shengli(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Changchun Borui Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]长春博瑞科技股份有限公司,长春130118

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第11期6523-6533,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501600);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2020A01001)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究生物调控释放型尿素(BRRU)替代饲粮中不同比例的豆粕对奶牛产奶量、乳成分、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响。选取胎次[(2.67±1.04)胎]、泌乳天数[(187.97±33.87)d]和7日平均产奶量[(35.84±4.70)kg/d]相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛36头,随机分为3组,每组12头。对照组饲喂豆粕含量为6.79%的基础饲粮,试验1组和试验2组分别饲喂用BRRU替代基础饲粮中12.5%和25.0%豆粕的试验饲粮。预试期14 d,正试期45 d。结果表明:1)试验1组整个正试期(第1~45天)的产奶量比对照组提高了0.34 kg/d(P>0.05),试验1组和试验2组整个正试期的乳脂率和4%乳脂矫正乳(FCM)产量比对照组均有所提高(P>0.05)。2)试验1组正试期第15天的瘤胃液氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验2组正试期第15、30天以及整个正试期的瘤胃液NH_(3)-N含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验1组和试验2组第15、30和45天的瘤胃液微生物蛋白(MCP)含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组整个正试期的瘤胃液乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量以及乙酸/丙酸均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)各组整个正试期的血清尿素氮(UN)、甘油三酯(TG)、β-羟丁酸(BHBA)以及非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验1组和试验2组的牛奶收入分别增加了6.00和4.20元/(d·头),经济效益分别增加了6.28和4.82元/(d·头)。综上所述,用BRRU替代饲粮中12.5%豆粕饲喂奶牛,产奶量提高了0.34 kg/d,4%FCM产量提高了1.43 kg/d,瘤胃液MCP含量升高,增加了牧场经济效益,饲喂效果较好。The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of bio-regulated release urea(BRRU)substituted different proportions of soybean meal in diets on milk yield,milk composition,rumen fermentation parameters and serum biochemical indexes of dairy cows.Thirty-six healthy Holstein cows with similar parity[(2.67±1.04)parities],lactating day[(187.97±33.87)d]and 7 days average milk yield[(35.84±4.70)kg/d]were randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 cows in each group.The control group was fed the basal diet containing 6.79%soybean meal,and the test group 1 and test group 2 were fed experimental diets which use BRRU substituted 12.5%and 25.0%soybean meal in the basic diet,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 45 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the milk yield during the formal trial period(days 1 to 45)of test group 1 was increased by 0.34 kg/d(P>0.05),and the milk fat rate and 4%fat-corrected milk(FCM)yield during the formal trial period of test group 1 and test group 2 were increased(P>0.05).2)The rumen fluid ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N)content on day 15 of test group 1 was significantly higher than that of the control group(P>0.05),and the rumen fluid NH_(3)-N content on days 15,30 and the formal trial period of test group 2 was significantly higher than that of the control group(P>0.05).The rumen fluid microbial protein content in on days 15,30 and 45 of test group 1 and test group 2 was significantly higher than that of the control group(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid and acetic acid/propionic acid in rumen fluid during the formal trial period among all groups(P>0.05).3)There were no significant differences in the contents of urea nitrogen(UN),triglyceride(TG)β-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA)and non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA)in serum during the formal trial period among all groups(P>0.05).4)Compared with the cont

关 键 词：生物调控释放型尿素 豆粕 产奶量 瘤胃发酵 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]