不锈钢窄间隙激光填丝焊工艺及焊缝成形规律研究  

Study on Narrow Gap Laser Wire Filling Welding Technology of Stainless Steel and Weld Forming Law

作　　者：段宇航 赵勇[1] 付娟[1] 邹家生[1] 任乐天 宋书明 DUAN Yuhang;ZHAO Yong;FU Juan;ZOU Jiasheng;REN Letian;SONG Shuming(Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212003,China;Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd.,Jingjiang 214500,China;Jiangsu Yangzi-Mitsui Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd.,Taicang 215427,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学,江苏镇江212003 [2]江苏新扬子造船有限公司,江苏靖江214500 [3]江苏扬子三井造船有限公司,江苏太仓215427

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2021年第21期15-18,28,共5页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0310400);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(18KJB460007);工信部高技术船舶“中型邮轮设计建造关键技术研究”项目(工信部装函〔2018〕473);2019年江苏科技大学本科生创新创业训练计划省级立项项目(201910289027Z)。

摘　　要：采用窄间隙激光填丝焊的方法焊接了12 mm厚的304不锈钢板,研究了焊接工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响规律,最终以优化的工艺参数焊接了25 mm厚的304不锈钢板。试验结果表明:当激光功率从4600 W增加至4900 W时,焊缝表面成形良好,焊接速度为0.5 m/min时成形最好,焊缝熔深随着焊接速度加快而减小。4.2 m/min的送丝速度下焊缝成形较好,随着送丝速度增加,“指状”熔深减小。离焦量主要影响焊件表面激光光斑大小,当离焦量过大时,会出现坍塌、咬边等缺陷。随着离焦量的增加,熔深逐渐减小。采用优化的焊接工艺参数焊接的25 mm厚304不锈钢窄间隙对接接头成形美观,无侧壁未熔合、气孔及裂纹等缺陷。The 12 mm thick 304 stainless steel plate was welded by narrow gap laser filler wire welding.The influence of welding process parameters on the formation of welds was studied.25mm thick 304 stainless steel plate butt joints were welded under optimized process parameters.The test results show that when the laser power increases from 4600 W to 4900 W,the surface of the weld is well formed.The formation is the best when the welding speed is 0.5 m/min.The weld penetration depth decreases as the welding speed increases.When the wire feeding speed is 4.2 m/min,the welding seam is well formed.As the wire feeding speed increases,the"finger"penetration depth decreases.The amount of defocus mainly affects the laser spot size on the surface of the weldment.When the defocus amount is too large,defects such as collapse,undercuts may occur.As the defocus amount increases,the penetration depth gradually decreases.Optimized welding process parameters were used to weld 25 mm thick 304 stainless steel plate.The butt joint with beautiful welding seams and no welding defects such as unfused side walls,porosity and cracks can be obtained.

关 键 词：激光填丝焊 不锈钢 焊接工艺 窄间隙 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]