乳化炸药毒气抑制剂在矿山爆破中的应用研究  

Study on the Application of Emulsion Explosive Gas Inhibitor in Mine Blasting

作　　者：张西良 李二宝[1,2,3] 杨海涛 仪海豹 詹思博[1,2,3] ZHANG Xiliang;LI Erbao;YANG Haitao;YI Haibao;ZHAN Sibo(Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Maanshan 243000,China;Maanshan Institute of Mining Research Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Maanshan 243000,China;State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines,Maanshan 243000,China)

机构地区：[1]中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司,安徽马鞍山243000 [2]马鞍山矿山研究院爆破工程有限责任公司,安徽马鞍山243000 [3]金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2021年第11期49-54,共6页Metal Mine

基　　金：安徽省重点研究和开发计划项目(编号:201904a07020038)。

摘　　要：为降低爆破作业过程中炮烟中毒气的浓度,以炸药爆炸的化学反应为理论基础,研制了一种乳化炸药爆破毒气抑制剂。选取抑制剂添加比例、装填方式两种效果影响因素进行试验研究,其中设置0mass%、3mass%、5mass%、8mass%4种添加比例,设置均匀混合、有吸管径向耦合、无吸管径向耦合、轴向耦合4种装填方式,试验结果表明:①炸药爆炸后,产生的毒气主要成分有4种,其中,CO所占比例最高,约占毒气总量的37.36%~37.98%;NH3、NO、NO2产生量相近,分别占总量的21.22%~23.29%,20.58~20.8%,17.99~19.24%;②随着抑制剂添加比例增大,降毒率呈先增大后减小的抛物线走势,且5mass%为最佳添加比例;③不同装填方式降毒效果优劣依次为均匀混合结构、无吸管径向耦合结构、有吸管径向耦合结构、轴向耦合结构。其中,均匀混合结构降毒率较其它结构分别提高了26.07%、56.79%、59.54%。In order to reduce the concentration of toxic gas in blasting smoke,an inhibitor of toxic gas in emulsion explosive blasting was developed based on the chemical reaction of explosive explosion.Two factors affecting the effect of inhibitor addition ratio and loading mode were selected for experimental study.Four addition ratios of 0mass%,3mass%,5mass%and 8mass%were set,and four loading modes of uniform mixing,radial coupling with suction pipe,radial coupling without suction pipe and axial coupling were set.The test results show that:①After explosive explosion,there are four main components of toxic gases.Among them,CO accounted for the highest proportion,accounting for about 37.36%~37.98%of the total toxic gas.The production of NH3,NO and NO2 were similar,accounting for 21.22%~23.29%,20.58%~20.8%and 17.99%~19.24%of the total,respectively.②With the increase of inhibitor addition ratio,the detoxification rate increased first and then decreased,and 5mass%was the best addition ratio.③The anti-virus effects of different loading methods were in the order of uniform mixing structure,non-pipe radial coupling structure,pipe radial coupling structure and axial coupling structure.Among them,the detoxification rates of uniform mixed structure were 26.07%,56.79%and 59.54%higher than those of other structures respectively.

关 键 词：炮烟 岩石乳化炸药 爆破毒气抑制剂 添加比例 装填方式 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]