Genomic insights into the fast growth of paulownias and the formation of Paulownia witches' broom  

作　　者：Yabing Cao Guiling Sun Xiaoqiao Zhai Pingluo Xu Liming Ma Minjie Deng Zhenli Zhao Haibo Yang Yanpeng Dong Zhonghai Shang Yujie Lv Lijun Yan Haifang Liu Xibing Cao Bingbing Li Zhe Wang Xiaogai Zhao Haiyan Yu Fan Wang Wen Ma Jinling Huang Guoqiang Fan 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Paulownia,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China [2]College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China [3]Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,School of Life Sciences,Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475004,China [4]Henan Academy of Forestry,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China [5]Biomarker Technologies Corporation,Beijing 101399,China [6]Department of Biology,East Carolina University,Greenville,NC 27858,USA

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2021年第10期1668-1682,共15页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：This study was funded by the Key Cultivation Subjects Fund of Henan Province(grant 2011[339]);the Academic Scientist Fund for Zhongyuan Scholars of Henan Province(grant 2018[99]).

摘　　要：Paulownias are among the fastest growing trees in the world,but they often suffer tremendous loss of wood production due to infection by Paulownia witches'broom(PaWB)phytoplasmas.In this study,we have sequenced and assembled a high-quality nuclear genome of Paulownia fortunei,a commonly cultivated paulownia species.The assembled genome of P.fortunei is 511.6 Mb in size,with 93.2%of its sequences anchored to 20 pseudo-chromosomes,and it contains 31985 protein-coding genes.Phylogenomic analyses show that the family Paulowniaceae is sister to a clade composed of Phrymaceae and Orobanchaceae.Higher photosynthetic efficiency is achieved by integrating C3 photosynthesis and the crassulacean acid metabolism pathway,which may contribute to the extremely fast growth habit of paulownia trees.Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal modules related to cambial growth and development,photosynthesis,and defense responses.Additional genome sequencing of PaWB phytoplasma,combined with functional analyses,indicates that the effector PaWB-SAP54 interacts directly with Paulownia PfSPLa,which in turn causes the degradation of PfSPLa by the ubiquitin-mediated pathway and leads to the formation of witches'broom.Taken together,these results provide significant insights into the biology of paulownias and the regulatory mechanism for the formation of PaWB.

关 键 词：Paulownia fortunei PHYTOPLASMA crassulacean acid metabolism Paulownia witches'broom PaWB PHOTOSYNTHESIS 

分 类 号：S792.43[农业科学—林木遗传育种]