吉林省山地丘陵区典型坡面水土保持措施适宜性研究  

Suitability Evaluation of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Typical Slope in Mountain and Hilly Areas of Jilin Province

作　　者：张瑜[1] 徐子棋 杨献坤[1] 崔斌[1] ZHANG Yu;XU Ziqi;YANG Xiankun;CUI Bin(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation of Jilin Province,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省水土保持科学研究院,长春130033

出　　处：《森林工程》2021年第6期25-33,38,共10页Forest Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0507002-05);吉林省科技厅项目(20210202025NC);吉林省财政厅项目(低山丘陵区坡改梯耕地质量监测与提升技术研究)。

摘　　要：为满足黑土区山地丘陵地带提高坡耕地水土保持措施综合效益的需要,本文选取经济指标、生态指标和管护指标构建吉林省山地丘陵区典型坡面水土保持措施适宜性研究体系,利用层次分析法对区域各类坡耕地水土保持措施适宜性进行评价。结果表明:山地丘陵区坡面水土保持措施生态因子、经济因子及管护因子在不同措施类型下差异性显著;从不同区域来看,除荣华小流域地埂植物带为适宜外,荣华小流域其他措施和其他流域各类措施适宜度均在中等适宜以下;从土层厚度来看,0~19.9 cm处的水平梯田和地埂植物带为较不适宜,20~39.9 cm处的水平梯田和地埂植物带、0~39.0 cm处的坡式梯田为中等适宜,40~70 cm的水平梯田和地埂植物带为较适宜;从坡度来看,3°~5.9°的坡式梯田为较不适宜,8.1°~15°的水平梯田、6°~8°和12.1°~15°的坡式梯田及6°~8°的地埂植物带为中等适宜,6°~8°的水平梯田为较适宜,3°~5.9°的地埂植物带为适宜;该区域小部分措施较不适宜,大部分措施为中等适宜和较适宜。本研究结果对黑土区坡耕地水土保持措施优选、技术优化和黑土地保护提供了新思路,为防治耕地水土流失和质量退化提供科学依据。In order to meet the needs of improving the comprehensive benefits of soil and water conservation measures on sloping farmland in the mountain and hilly area of the black soil area,the economical indexes,the ecological indexes and the measure management were chosen to build the suitability evaluation system of the soil and water conservation measures in the mountain and hill area of the Jilin Province,and the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures on the various sloping farmland in the research area was evaluated by AHP.The results showed that:the ecological factors,economic factors and management and protection factors of slope soil and water conservation measures in mountain and hilly areas were significantly different under different types of measures.From the perspective of different regions,except for the ridge plant belt of the Ronghua small watershed,which was suitable,all the rest kinds of the measures of the Ronghua small watershed and all the measures of the rest small watersheds were below the medium suitable level.From the perspective of the thickness of the soil layer,the horizontal terraces and ridge plant belts at 0-19.9 cm were less suitable,and the horizontal terraces and ridge plant belts at 20-39.9 cm and slope terraces at 0-39.0 cm were middle suitable,horizontal terraces and ridge plant belts at 40-70 cm were more suitable.In terms of slope,sloped terraces of 3°-5.9°was less suitable,horizontal terraces of 8.1°-15°,slopes terraces of 6°-8°and 12.1°-15°,and ridge plant belts of 6-8°were middle suitable,the horizontal terraced of 6°-8°was more suitable,the ridge plant belt of 3°-5.9°was best suitable.A small part of the measures in the research area were relatively unsuitable,most of the measures were relatively suitable.The results of this study provide a new idea for the selection and the optimization of the soil and water conservation measures on the sloping farmland in the black soil area,and it provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the

关 键 词：黑土区 山地丘陵区 水土保持措施 适宜性 层次分析法 

分 类 号：S761.1[农业科学—森林保护学]